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CHE104 > Ch. 16 Explosives > Flashcards

Ch. 16 Explosives Flashcards

1
Q

brisant

A

of or relating to the shattering effect from the sudden release of energy in an explosion

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2
Q

condensed explosive

A

an explosive made of a solid or a liquid

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3
Q

deflagration

A

an explosion in which the reaction moves through the explosive at less than the speed of sound

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4
Q

detonation

A

an explosion in which the reaction moves through the explosive at greater than the speed of sound

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5
Q

detonator

A

a device that is used to set off a high explosive

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6
Q

dispersed explosive

A

an explosive made of a gas or an aerosol

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7
Q

explosion

A

a sudden release of mechanical, chemical or nuclear energy

  • generates high temperatures
  • usually releases gases
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8
Q

explosvie

A

a substance, especially a prepared chemical, that explodes or causes an explosion

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9
Q

high explosive

A

an explosive that when detonated produces a shock wave that travels at a speed greater than 1000 m/s

(ie) military explosives

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10
Q

improvised explosive device (IED)

A

a homemade bomb

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11
Q

initiator

A

any device that is used to start a detonation or a deflagration

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12
Q

ion chromatography (IC)

A

a chromatography method for separating material based on ions

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13
Q

ion mobility spectrometer (IMS)

A

a device that identifies ions by measuring their speed

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14
Q

isotope

A

one of two or more atoms with the same number of protons but differing numbers of neutrons

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15
Q

low explosive

A

an explosive that when detonated produces a shock wave that travels at a speed less than 1000 m/s

(ie) black powder

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16
Q

prilling

A

a production method that produces free-flowing, adsorbent, porous ammonium nitrate spheres (prills) that are easily handled and stored

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17
Q

taggant

A

a substance, such as microscopic pieces of multilayered colored plastic, that is added to an explosive to indicate its source of manufacturer

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18
Q

A(n) ____ is a chemical explosion in which the reaction front moves through the explosive at less than the speed of sound.

A

deflagration

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19
Q

A(n) ____ is a chemical explosion in which the reaction front moves through the explosive at greater than the speed of sound.

A

detonation

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20
Q

The chemicals in smokeless powder are _____ and _____.

A

cordite & ballistite

21
Q

Low explosives will burn, rather than explode, if they are not ______.

A

confined in some type of container

22
Q

Condensed explosives are either a(n) _____ or a(n) _____.

A

solid or liquid

23
Q

Dispersed explosives are either a(n) ______ or a(n) ______.

A

gas or aerosol

24
Q

The most commonly encountered illegal explosive device in the United States is the _____ bomb.

A

pipe

25
Q

High explosives are categorized into two groups: _____ explosives and _____ explosives.

A

primary & secondary

26
Q

Explosives that are insensitive to shock, heat, and friction are called _____ high explosives.

A

secondary

27
Q

Small, porous ammonium nitrate spheres are called _____.

A

prills

28
Q

The most commonly used explosive in the world is a mixture of _____ and _____.

A

94% ammonium nitrate & 6% fuel oil

ANFO

29
Q

The most widely used military explosive is _____.

A

cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX)

30
Q

A(n) _____ explosive is one in which a shock wave is formed that shatters the material surrounding it.

A

brisant

31
Q

The military explosive C-4 contains _____.

A

90% RDX

*other parts = plastic binder material and oil

32
Q

The search of a bomb scene should begin at the site of a(n) _____.

A

crater

33
Q

Soil and loose debris are best stored in _____ containers.

A

metal

*or plastic bags

34
Q

If a suspect is present at the scene, the investigator should test his or her hands by wiping them with a swab that has been moistened with _____.

A

acetone

35
Q

The _____ operates the National Explosives Tracing Center.

A

Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives

36
Q

Once in the lab, debris from a bomb scene is first examined using a(n) ______.

A

microscope

37
Q

The solvent _____ is used to removed organic material from recovered bomb scene debris.

A

acetone

38
Q

Gas chromatographs that are used for explosive analysis use a(n) _____ detector.

A

thermal energy analyzer (TEA)

39
Q

The GC detector used by crime labs for explosive detection detects only molecules that contain the element _____.

A

nitrogen

40
Q

If a mixture of chemicals is used in an explosive device, the substances must be ______ prior to IR analysis.

A

separated

41
Q

If inorganic chemicals were used to construct a bomb, the inorganic residue can be removed from debris by washing it with _____.

A

water

42
Q

Materials removed from debris by washing with water can be tested for inorganic residues by means of _____ tests.

A

spot

43
Q

A confirmatory test for inorganic residues uses _____ chromatography.

A

ion

44
Q

An ion chromatograph detects the inorganic ions with a(n) ____ detector.

A

anion

45
Q

Ion chromatography can detect the _____ cation, which is not detected by atomic absorption spectroscopy and is commonly found in bomb debris.

A

metal

46
Q

The identifiers that are put into manufactured explosives are called _____.

A

taggants

47
Q

The country that requires taggants in all explosives is ____.

A

Sweden

48
Q

Atoms of an element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons are called _____.

A

isotopes

49
Q

A molecule of TNT that contained a deuterium isotope would have a _____ (higher/lower) mass than regular TNT.

A

higher

CHE104 (15 decks)

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