Ch 16 Bryophytes Flashcards
1
Q
What are Bryophytes?
A
non-vascular plants (moss.)
2
Q
What are the characteristics of the Plantae Kingdom?
A
- chlorophyll a is primary photosynthetic pigment.
- primary food storage form is starch in plastids.
- cell walls of cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin.
- all plants have alternation of generations life cycle.
- plants are oogamous (lg immobile egg w mobile sperm)
- Multicellular embryo (Embryophytes)
- Plants have spores enclosed in sporopollenin.
- Tissues are produced by apical meristems.
- Plants have sterile jackets of non-reproductive cells surrounding reproductive structures.
3
Q
Bryophytes are what type of phyletic group?
A
paraphyletic.
4
Q
What is the difference between Bryophytes and Polysporangiophytes?
A
Bryophytes lack vascular structures.
5
Q
What are some Bryophytes?
A
liverworts, moss and Hornworts.
6
Q
What are some Polysporangiophytes?
A
Protracheophytes (fossils) and all vascular plants.
7
Q
What are the characteristics of Bryophytes?
A
- paraphyletic (not closely related)
- small (lack of xylem and phloem limit size)
- grow low to the ground and absorb water by capillarity.
- Gametophyte Generation and Sporophyte generation (heteromorphic generations)
8
Q
what are the characteristics of the Gametophyte generation?
A
- haploid (n).
- forms from a spore.
- makes gametes by mitosis (n-n).
- no leaves, stems or roots.
- water is essential to reproduction.
9
Q
What are the characteristics of the Gametophyte generation?
A
- diploid (2n)
- multicellular
- forms from zygote
- Sporophytes produce spores by meiosis (2n-n)
- have a sporangium (structure in which the spores are made.)
10
Q
What is the dominant generation?
A
Gametophyte.
11
Q
What is the structure in which eggs are produced?
A
archegonia.
12
Q
What is the structure in which sperm is produced?
A
antheridia.
