Ch 15 Test

Question 1

When speaking of “moral economy,” historians are referring to

Answer 1

A vision of the world in which community needs predominate over competition and profit

Question 2

In Eastern Europe between 1500 and 1650, the growth of commercial agriculture was accompanied by the

Answer 2

Consolidation of serfdom

Question 3

Political power in the dutch republic was

Answer 3

Controlled by an oligarchy of wealthy businessmen

Question 4

How did the peace of westphalia mark a tuning point in European history

Answer 4

Large-scale armed conflicts over religious faith came to an end

Question 5

How did the nature of armed forces change in the latter half of the 17th century

Answer 5

Army officers became obedient to monarchs instead of serving their own interests

Question 6

In the 17th century, why did rulers hesitate to crush rebellions

Answer 6

Armies were expensive to deploy, and rulers feared creating martyrs

Question 7

Louis xiv selected counselors from the

Answer 7

Newly ennobled or upper middle class

Question 8

The baroque style flourished in the context of the

Answer 8

Catholic reformation

Question 9

The guiding force behind cardinal richelieu’s domestic policies was

Answer 9

The subordination of all institutions to the monarchy

Question 10

How did the peace of utrecht resolve the problem of succession to the spanish throne

Answer 10

Louis xiv of france’s grandson, philip, was placed on the french throne with the agreement that the french and spanish thrones would never be united

Question 11

How did cardinal richelieu increase the power of the centralized french state

Answer 11

He extended the use of intendants, commissioners for each of france’s 32 districts

Question 12

The english political hilosopher thomas hobbes held that

Answer 12

The power of the ruler was absolute and prevented civil war

Question 13

What mistaken belief did the count-duke of olivares hold that brought disaster to spain

Answer 13

Spain must return to the imperial tradition of the 16th century in order to solve its economic and political difficulties

Question 14

What was the consequence of prince francis rakoczy’s rebellion for habsburg rule

Answer 14

Hungary was never fully integrated into a centralized, absolute habsburg state

Question 15

Mercantilist theory postulated that

Answer 15

Economic activity should be regulated y and for the state

Question 16

The primary cause of the english glorious revolution was

Answer 16

A fear of the establishment of catholic absolutism by james II

Question 17

How did frederick william the great elector of prussia persuade the junker nobility to accept taxation without consent in order to fund the army

Answer 17

He confirmed the junkers’ privileges, including their authority over the serfs

Question 18

How did frederick william I, king of Prussia, sustain agricultural production while dramatically expanding the size of his army

Answer 18

He ordered all prussian men to undergo military training, after which they could return home and serve as army reservists

Question 19

How did the princes of moscow seek to legitimize their authority a rulers of an independent state

Answer 19

They modeled their rule on the mongol khans

Question 20

One of the largest rebellions in 17th century russia was that led by

Answer 20

Stenka razin

Question 21

Typically, french classicism

Answer 21

Presented subject matter associated with classical antiquity

Question 22

What was one of the social consequences of peter the great’s bureaucratic system

Answer 22

People of non-noble origin were able to rise to high positions

Question 23

After his victory in 1709 at poltava, peter the great built a new, western-style city on the baltic called

Answer 23

St. petersburg

Question 24

Within the ottoman government, who staffed the top DIF: levels of the bureaucracy

Answer 24

The sultan’s slave corps

Question 25

Why did the english government arrive at a crisis situation by 1604

Answer 25

Charles I imposed unwelcome laws and reforms on the country

Question 26

What was the outcome of the heightened central control established by absolutist and constitutional governments

Answer 26

Growth in armed forces

Question 27

The final collapse of spain as a great military power was symbolized by the defeat at the battle of rocroi and the resulting treaty of

Answer 27

The pyrenees

Question 28

How did william laud, the archbishop of canterbury, create conflict in britain in the 1630s

Answer 28

He sought to impose a new prayer book modeled on the anglican book of common prayer on presbyterian scotland

Question 29

In return for financial support, what did charles II o england secretly promise louis xiv of france

Answer 29

English laws against catholics would be eased and england gradually re-catholicized

Question 30

French foreign policy under cardinal richelieu focused primarily on the

Answer 30

Prevention of the Habsburgs from unifying the territories surrounding france

Question 31

Oliver Cromwell’s protectorate was ultimately a

Answer 31

Military dictatorship

Question 32

What characterizes the English revolution of 1688

Answer 32

The revolution did not constitute a democratic revolution since sovereignty was placed in the parliament, which only represented the upper classes

Question 33

Cardinal jules mazarin’s struggle to increase royal revenues to meet the cost of war led to the uprisings of 1648-53, known as the

Answer 33

Fronde

Question 34

France’s economy was created by the mercantilist policies of

Answer 34

Jean-baptiste colbert

Question 35

The junkers were

Answer 35

Prussian nobles who reluctantly worked with frederick william to consolidate the prussian state

Question 36

The ottomans divided their subjects into religious communities or

Answer 36

Millets

Question 37

The glorious revolution and the concept of representative government found its best defense in the second treatise of civil government by

Answer 37

John locke

Question 38

In the netherlands, tensions were always present between supporters of the staunchly republican estates and supporters of

Answer 38

The house of orange

Question 39

How did famines affect the european population in the 17th century

Answer 39

Malnutrition made people susceptible to deadly diseases, which reduced the population significantly

Question 40

In music, the baroque style reached its culmination in the work of

Answer 40

Johann Sebastian bach

Question 41

After a defeat at Narva, peter the great constructed a new army and eventually beat the swedish in 1709 at

Answer 41

Poltava

Question 42

How does olearius depict the russian government

Answer 42

The tsar or the grand prince rules the land alone, and all the people are his subjects

Question 43

How does olearius view russians as a people

Answer 43

They are naturally tough and born for slavery

Question 44

In two treatises of government, john locke notes that

Answer 44

The government must obtain the consent of the majority for taxes

Question 45

How does locke understand the process by which a government functions

Answer 45

The people are in full liberty to resist those who, without authority, would impose anything upon them