Ch 12 Test Flashcards

1
Q

A term for jews and muslims in the iberian peninsula who accepted christianity, in many cases they included christians whose families had converted centuries earlier

A

New christians

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2
Q

Government by one-man rule in italian cities such as milan; also refers to these rulers

A

Signori

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3
Q

Debate among writers and thinkers in the renaissance about women’s qualities and proper role in society

A

Debate about women

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4
Q

Sworn associations of free men in italian cities led by merchant guilds that sought political and economic independence from local nobles

A

Communes

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5
Q

The quality of being able to shape the world according to one’s own will

A

Virtu

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6
Q

A french word meaning “rebirth,” used to describe the rebirth of the culture of classical antiquity in italy during the 14th-16th centuries

A

Renaissance

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7
Q

A program of study designed by italians that emphasized the critical study of latin and greek literature with the goal of understanding human nature

A

Humanism

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8
Q

Disenfranchised common people in italian cities who resented their exclusion from power

A

Popolo

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9
Q

Financial support of writers and artists by cities, groups, and individuals, often to produce specific works or works in specific styles

A

Patronage

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10
Q

Magnificent households and palaces where signori and other rulers lived, conducted business, and supported the arts

A

Courts

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11
Q

According to the text, thomas more’s utopia was remarkable for its time because it asserted that

A

The problems plaguing society could be solved by a beneficent government

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12
Q

In terms of gender relations, renaissance humanists argued that

A

Women’s sphere of activity was private and domestic

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13
Q

What identifies the term race in the renaissance

A

Grouping of people based on ethnic, national, or religious factors

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14
Q

The marriage of ferdinand of aragon and isabella of castile

A

Created a dynastic union but did not unify the separate kingdoms into a single state

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15
Q

What inhibited women’s success as painters in the renaissance

A

They could not work in public where the fresco technique was done

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16
Q

What purposes were served by sumptuary laws

A

Sumptuary laws reinforced social hierarchies, attempted to impose moral standards, and sought to protect local industries

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17
Q

According to Machiavelli, government should be judged on whether it

A

Provided order, security, and safety of the populace

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18
Q

Who was the wealthy florentine responsible for the vast patronage of Renaissance artists

A

Cosimo de medici

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19
Q

What characterizes the interREF: section of the hierarchies of wealth and orders in the renaissance

A

The nobility retained its status by taking in ad integrating the new social elite of wealth

20
Q

What characters he renaissance idea of virtu

A

The ability to shape the world around oneself according to one’s will

21
Q

What was the importance of “fate” to Machiavelli’s analysis in the prince

A

The most skilled and prepared ruler could not fully escape the operations of fate that might cause a prince to lose his realm

22
Q

Italian humanists stressed the

A

Study of the classics for what they could reveal about human nature

23
Q

What was one o the central components of the italian renaissance

A

A glorification of individual genius

24
Q

How did pico della mirandola understand the uniqueness of humankind

A

Humans, lacking a fixed place, were the one part of the created world that could freely choose to rise to the heavens or sink into the realm of animals

25
What was the star chamber
A court that dealt with noble threats to royal power in england
26
What characterizes girolamo savonarola
He came to power in florence denouncing vice and corruption, but as people tired of his moral denunciations, he lost authority
27
What did francesco petrarch believe
The recovery of classical texts would bring about a new golden age of intellectual achievement
28
In early renaissance italy, art
Manifested corporate power
29
Who was the most prominent metal smith who helped develop metal movable print
Johann gutenberg
30
Why did a unified italian state fail to develop in the 15th century
Political loyalty and feeling centered on a passionate attachment to the individual city-state
31
The tudor henry vii of england won broad, popular support by
Promoting peace and social order at the local level
32
What florentine artist was commissioned by pope julius ii to build his tomb an paint the sistine chapel
Michelangelo
33
On the iberian peninsula, what was the social position of african slaves
They intermingled with the people they lived among and sometimes intermarried with them
34
What was the basis of financial support for the evolution of the renaissance artists
The patronage of wealthy individual and rulers
35
Why did a woman's work receive less compensation than a man's work
It was understood that a woman was either married or to be married and, therefore, not responsible for supporting a family
36
What individuals believed the merging of christian and classical traditions could provide reform for the church and deepen the spiritual lives of people
Christian humanists
37
The most important factor in the emergence of the italian renaissance was the
Great commercial revival in italy
38
The Spanish inquisition was an attempt to
Target jewish converts to christianity who were believed to continue jewish religious practice
39
What educational book by baldassare castiglione provided a treatise on training a young man in the discipline and fashion needed for the courtly ideal of being a gentleman
The courtier
40
The spanish conversos were what
Jewish christians, some of whom held prominent positions in the state, church, and business
41
On the iberian peninsula, who were the people referred to as the "new christians"
Jewish and muslim converts
42
What french word was coined by historian giorgio vasari to describe the "rebirth" of the culture of classical antiquity
Renaissance
43
The concordat of bologna, between francis i of france and pope leo x, gave the french monarch the authority to
Select bishops and abbots
44
"The city in this present year 270 shops belonging to the wool merchants' guild. . . 83 rich and splendid warehouses of the silk merchants' guild. . . The number of banks amounts to 33; the shops of the cabinet-makers, whose business is caring and inlaid work, to 84. . .there are 44 goldsmiths' and jeweler shops." What city is benedetto dei describing in this quote
Florence
45
"Assiduous in the science and skill of dealing with arms and horses and musical instruments, a well as in the pursuit of letters and the fine arts." Who authored this self-described quote about his important qualities
Leon Battista alberti
46
"Everyone gets a fair share, so there are never any poor men or beggars. Nobody owns anything, but everyone is rich-for what greater wealth can there be than cheerfulness, peace of mind, and freedom from anxiety? Instead of being worried about his food supply, upset by the plaintive demands of his wife, afraid of poverty for his son." This quote describes the ideal society in what humanist's work
Thomas more
47
Northern humanists who interprete italian ideas about and attitudes toward classical antiquity and humanism in terms of their own religious traditions
Christian humanists