Ch 12 Test

Question 1

A term for jews and muslims in the iberian peninsula who accepted christianity, in many cases they included christians whose families had converted centuries earlier

Answer 1

New christians

Question 2

Government by one-man rule in italian cities such as milan; also refers to these rulers

Answer 2

Signori

Question 3

Debate among writers and thinkers in the renaissance about women’s qualities and proper role in society

Answer 3

Debate about women

Question 4

Sworn associations of free men in italian cities led by merchant guilds that sought political and economic independence from local nobles

Answer 4

Communes

Question 5

The quality of being able to shape the world according to one’s own will

Answer 5

Virtu

Question 6

A french word meaning “rebirth,” used to describe the rebirth of the culture of classical antiquity in italy during the 14th-16th centuries

Answer 6

Renaissance

Question 7

A program of study designed by italians that emphasized the critical study of latin and greek literature with the goal of understanding human nature

Answer 7

Humanism

Question 8

Disenfranchised common people in italian cities who resented their exclusion from power

Answer 8

Popolo

Question 9

Financial support of writers and artists by cities, groups, and individuals, often to produce specific works or works in specific styles

Answer 9

Patronage

Question 10

Magnificent households and palaces where signori and other rulers lived, conducted business, and supported the arts

Answer 10

Courts

Question 11

According to the text, thomas more’s utopia was remarkable for its time because it asserted that

Answer 11

The problems plaguing society could be solved by a beneficent government

Question 12

In terms of gender relations, renaissance humanists argued that

Answer 12

Women’s sphere of activity was private and domestic

Question 13

What identifies the term race in the renaissance

Answer 13

Grouping of people based on ethnic, national, or religious factors

Question 14

The marriage of ferdinand of aragon and isabella of castile

Answer 14

Created a dynastic union but did not unify the separate kingdoms into a single state

Question 15

What inhibited women’s success as painters in the renaissance

Answer 15

They could not work in public where the fresco technique was done

Question 16

What purposes were served by sumptuary laws

Answer 16

Sumptuary laws reinforced social hierarchies, attempted to impose moral standards, and sought to protect local industries

Question 17

According to Machiavelli, government should be judged on whether it

Answer 17

Provided order, security, and safety of the populace

Question 18

Who was the wealthy florentine responsible for the vast patronage of Renaissance artists

Answer 18

Cosimo de medici

Question 19

What characterizes the interREF: section of the hierarchies of wealth and orders in the renaissance

Answer 19

The nobility retained its status by taking in ad integrating the new social elite of wealth

Question 20

What characters he renaissance idea of virtu

Answer 20

The ability to shape the world around oneself according to one’s will

Question 21

What was the importance of “fate” to Machiavelli’s analysis in the prince

Answer 21

The most skilled and prepared ruler could not fully escape the operations of fate that might cause a prince to lose his realm

Question 22

Italian humanists stressed the

Answer 22

Study of the classics for what they could reveal about human nature

Question 23

What was one o the central components of the italian renaissance

Answer 23

A glorification of individual genius

Question 24

How did pico della mirandola understand the uniqueness of humankind

Answer 24

Humans, lacking a fixed place, were the one part of the created world that could freely choose to rise to the heavens or sink into the realm of animals

Question 25

What was the star chamber

Answer 25

A court that dealt with noble threats to royal power in england

Question 26

What characterizes girolamo savonarola

Answer 26

He came to power in florence denouncing vice and corruption, but as people tired of his moral denunciations, he lost authority

Question 27

What did francesco petrarch believe

Answer 27

The recovery of classical texts would bring about a new golden age of intellectual achievement

Question 28

In early renaissance italy, art

Answer 28

Manifested corporate power

Question 29

Who was the most prominent metal smith who helped develop metal movable print

Answer 29

Johann gutenberg

Question 30

Why did a unified italian state fail to develop in the 15th century

Answer 30

Political loyalty and feeling centered on a passionate attachment to the individual city-state

Question 31

The tudor henry vii of england won broad, popular support by

Answer 31

Promoting peace and social order at the local level

Question 32

What florentine artist was commissioned by pope julius ii to build his tomb an paint the sistine chapel

Answer 32

Michelangelo

Question 33

On the iberian peninsula, what was the social position of african slaves

Answer 33

They intermingled with the people they lived among and sometimes intermarried with them

Question 34

What was the basis of financial support for the evolution of the renaissance artists

Answer 34

The patronage of wealthy individual and rulers

Question 35

Why did a woman’s work receive less compensation than a man’s work

Answer 35

It was understood that a woman was either married or to be married and, therefore, not responsible for supporting a family

Question 36

What individuals believed the merging of christian and classical traditions could provide reform for the church and deepen the spiritual lives of people

Answer 36

Christian humanists

Question 37

The most important factor in the emergence of the italian renaissance was the

Answer 37

Great commercial revival in italy

Question 38

The Spanish inquisition was an attempt to

Answer 38

Target jewish converts to christianity who were believed to continue jewish religious practice

Question 39

What educational book by baldassare castiglione provided a treatise on training a young man in the discipline and fashion needed for the courtly ideal of being a gentleman

Answer 39

The courtier

Question 40

The spanish conversos were what

Answer 40

Jewish christians, some of whom held prominent positions in the state, church, and business

Question 41

On the iberian peninsula, who were the people referred to as the “new christians”

Answer 41

Jewish and muslim converts

Question 42

What french word was coined by historian giorgio vasari to describe the “rebirth” of the culture of classical antiquity

Answer 42

Renaissance

Question 43

The concordat of bologna, between francis i of france and pope leo x, gave the french monarch the authority to

Answer 43

Select bishops and abbots

Question 44

“The city in this present year 270 shops belonging to the wool merchants’ guild. . . 83 rich and splendid warehouses of the silk merchants’ guild. . . The number of banks amounts to 33; the shops of the cabinet-makers, whose business is caring and inlaid work, to 84. . .there are 44 goldsmiths’ and jeweler shops.” What city is benedetto dei describing in this quote

Answer 44

Florence

Question 45

“Assiduous in the science and skill of dealing with arms and horses and musical instruments, a well as in the pursuit of letters and the fine arts.” Who authored this self-described quote about his important qualities

Answer 45

Leon Battista alberti

Question 46

“Everyone gets a fair share, so there are never any poor men or beggars. Nobody owns anything, but everyone is rich-for what greater wealth can there be than cheerfulness, peace of mind, and freedom from anxiety? Instead of being worried about his food supply, upset by the plaintive demands of his wife, afraid of poverty for his son.” This quote describes the ideal society in what humanist’s work

Answer 46

Thomas more

Question 47

Northern humanists who interprete italian ideas about and attitudes toward classical antiquity and humanism in terms of their own religious traditions

Answer 47

Christian humanists