Ch 13 Test Flashcards
In the early 16th century, anticlericalism focused primarily on what issues
The immortality of priests who were drunkards and neglected the role of celibacy
What describes martin luther’s doctrine of salvation
Salvation came through faith alone as a free gift of God’s grace
What aided martin luther as his call for reform emerged
Luther understood the power of the new printing press and authorized the publication of his works
How did luther benefit from his appearance before the holy roman emperor charles v at the diet of worms
Luther gained a larger audience for his reform ideas, and others began to challenge the church’s teachings and practices
The colloquy of Marburg
Failed to resolve the differences among protestants on the issue of the Eucharist
What did saint bartholomew’s day massacre lead to
A lengthy civil war
Luther believed that the church consisted of
A spiritual priesthood of all christian believers
Luther’s ideas about roman exploitation of germany
Appealed to the national sentiment of german princes
How did the choice to embrace or reject the reform movement occur in a territory or region in the holy roman empire
The political leaders of the territory or region determine whether to introduce reforms
Why did protestants allow the dissolution of marriages in divorce
They viewed marriage as a contract or mutual support, and married partners who failed to provide support endangered their souls and the entire community
As a result of the peace of augsburg, the people of germany
Became either Lutheran or catholic, depending on the preference of their prince
Luther viewed celibacy as
Opposed to human nature and god’s commandments
How did the closing of the monasteries and convents affect upper class women
Marriage became virtually the only occupation for upper class women
Why did elizabeth I have her cousin and heir mary, queen of scots, executed
Mary became implicated in a plot to assassinate elizabeth
John calvin rejected the idea of free will because he believed it would
Detract from the sovereignty of God
Martin luther’s first response to the peasants’ war was
To side with the peasants
How did the Calvinist understand the idea of work or labor
Hard work, well done, was pleasing to God, and all work with a religious aspect was dignified
Why did most ordinary poles oppose the lutheran reform movement
They held strong anti-german feelings
The calvinist doctrine of predestination led to a
Confidence among calvinists in their own salvation
In hungary, lutheranism was
Spread by Hungarian students who had studies at the university of wittenberg
The dissolution of the english monasteries
Resulted from henry viii’s desire to confiscate their wealth
How widespread was the influence of the inquisition
The inquisition effectively destroyed heresy within the papal states but had little influence elsewhere
The reformation in England was primarily the result of
The dynastic and romantic concerns of henry viii
In addition to reforming the church, what was the other goal of the council of trent
Securing reconciliation with the protestants
The pilgrimage of grace attested to
Popular opposition, in northern england, to henry viii’s reformation
The edict of Nantes
Granted french huguenots the right to worship in 150 towns
In religious affairs, elizabeth I of england followed a policy that
Was a middle course between catholic and protestant extremes
What were lutheran and calvinist attitudes toward secular rulers
Lutherans taught respect for authority while calvinists encourages opposition to political authorities who were considered ungodly
How did inquisitorial legal procedure differ from the accusatorial legal procedure
A suspect would not be told the charges against him
What was the fate of most people brought before the inquisition and accused of witchcraft
There were sent home with a warning and ordered to do penance
France supported the protestant princes of germany in order to
Prevent charles v from increasing his power
The overriding goal of the catholic religious orders established in the 16th century was
To uplift the moral condition of both clergy and laity
What is the name given to french protestants
Huguenots
What new religious order for women emerged in the 16th century
Ursuline order
What was the name given the catholic and huguenot moderates in france
Politiques
“To those whom he devotes to condemnation, the gate of life is closed by a just and irreprehensible, but incomprehensible, judgment. How exceedingly presumptuous it is only to inquire into the causes of the divine will; which is in fact, and is justly entitled to be, the cause of everything that exists.” This quote from john calvin identifies what concept
Predestination
“So we call spiritual exercises every ay of preparing and disposing the should to rid itself of all inordinate attachments, and, after their removal, of seeking and finding the will of God in the disposition of our life for the salvation of our soul.” What is ignatius loyola discussing in this quote
A training program using structured meditation to develop spiritual discipline
The treaty of chateau-cambresis ended the conflict known as the
Habsburg-valois wars
