Ch. 12 - Evolve Test Flashcards
- the structure and functional centre of the entire nervous system is the
central nervous system
- nerves that originate from the brain are called
cranial nerves
- the somatic nervous system carries information to the
skeletal muscles
- the efferent pathways of the autonomic nervous system can be divided into the
parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions
- excitable cells that conduct the impulses are called
neurons
the _______ of a neuron is a single process that usually extends from a tapered portion of the cell body
axon
Which of the following is not a structural classification of neurons?
polar
A signal conduction route to and from the central nervous system is a (an):
reflex arc
- Bundles of myelinated fibers make up the:
white matter of the nervous system.
- Neurons have:
very limited capacity to repair themselves.
A membrane that exhibits a membrane potential is said to be:
polarized
The membrane potential maintained by a nonconducting neuron’s plasma membrane is called the ___________ membrane potential.
resting
The active transport mechanism in the plasma membrane that transports sodium and potassium ions in opposite directions and at different rates is the:
sodium-potassium pump
An ion channel that opens in response to a sensory stimulus is a (an):
stimulus-gated channel.
- A term commonly used as a synonym for action potential is:
nerve impulse.
- The brief period during which a local area of an axon’s membrane resists restimulation is called the ____________ period
refractory
- The action potential seems to “leap” from node to node along a myelinated fiber. This type of impulse regeneration is called _____________ conduction.
salutatory
- There are two types of synapses—the electrical synapse and the ____________synapse.
chemical
- Which chemicals allow neurons to communicate with one another?
Neurotransmitters
- Which neurotransmitter is unique because of its chemical structure: acetate (acetyl-coenzyme-A) with choline?
Acetylcholine