Ch. 11 - Properties of the Hair & Scalp Flashcards
The scientific study of hair, its diseases, and care is called ______________.
trichology
The two parts of a mature strand of human hair are the ______________.
hair root and hair shaft
The tube-like depression or pocket in the skin or scalp that contains the hair root is the ______________.
hair follicle
Hair follicles are not found on the ______________.
soles of the feet
The ______________ is the small, involuntary muscle in the base of the hair follicle.
arrector pili muscle
The fatty or oily substance secreted by sebaceous glands is ______________.
sebum
For chemicals to penetrate a healthy cuticle hair layer, they must have ______________.
an alkaline pH
The medulla is composed of ______________ cells.
round
During the ______________ phase, new hair is produced because new cells are actively manufactured in the hair follicle.
anagen
The major elements that make up human hair are carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, ______________.
nitrogen, and sulfur
The strong, chemical bonds that join amino acids are called ______________.
peptide bonds
Which type of melanin provides natural colors ranging from red and ginger to yellow and blonde types?
Pheomelanin
Asians tend to have ______________ hair.
extremely straight
To help minimize tangles in extremely curly hair when shampooing, you should use ______________.
a detangling rinse
Hair texture is classified as ______________.
coarse, medium, or fine
The measurement of the number of individual hair strands on one square inch (2.5 square centimeters) of the scalp is ______________.
hair density
Compared to hair with high porosity, chemical services performed on hair with low porosity require ______________.
more alkaline solutions
Wet hair with normal elasticity will stretch up to ______________ of its original length and return to that length without breaking.
50 percent
Oily hair and scalp can be treated by properly washing with a ______________.
normalizing shampoo
Which type of hair almost never has a medulla?
Vellus
During which phase does the follicle canal shrink and detatch from the dermal papilla?
Catagen
The average growth of healthy scalp hair is ______________.
1/2 inch (1.25 centimeters) per month
The technical term used to describe gray hair is ______________.
canities
A condition of abnormal growth of terminal hair in areas of the body that normally grown only vellus hair is ______________.
hypertrichosis
The technical term for dandruff is ______________.
pityriasis
Which of the five main structures of the hair root contain the blood and nerve supply that provides the nutrients needed for hair growth?
Dermal papilla
Because there are so many of them, salt bonds account for about ______________ of the hair’s overall strength.
One third
The anagen phase generally lasts from three to five ______________.
years
Scalp hair grows ______________ on women than on men.
faster
The ______________ phase signals the end of the growth.
catagen
Scalp massage ______________ hair growth.
does not increase
Compared to pigmented hair, gray hair is ______________.
exactly the same
Cross-sections of hair ______________.
can be almost any shape
Bald men are commonly perceived as ______________.
less successful
By age 35, almost ______________ percent of both men and women show some degree of hair loss.
40
Finasteride is an oral prescription medication for hair loss that is meant for ______________.
men only
Congenital canities exists ______________.
at or before birth
Dandruff can easily be mistaken for ______________.
dry scalp
Current research confirms that dandruff is the result of a ______________.
fungus
When the living cells of hair form and begin their journey upward through the hair follicle, they mature in a process called ______________.
keratinization
Tinea is characterized by ______________, scales, and sometimes painful circular lesions.
itching
The infestation of the hair and scalp with head lice is called ______________.
pediculosis capitis
A carbuncle is similar to a furuncle but is ______________.
larger
Fine hair is ______________ than coarse or medium hair.
more fragile
Coarse hair is ______________.
stronger than fine hair
The ______________ is the outermost layer of the hair.
hair cuticle
The oil glands in the skin that are connected to the hair follicles are the ______________ glands.
sebaceous
A ______________ bond is a weak, physical, cross-link side bond easily broken by water or heat.
hydrogen
Hair is approximately ______________ percent protein.
90%
Total scalp hair loss is known as ______________.
alopecia totalis
Hypertrichosis is also known as ______________.
hirsuties
The naturally occurring fungus that causes the symptoms of dandruff when it grows out of control is ______________.
malassezia
The ______________ is the lowest part of a hair strand.
hair bulb
The technical term for beaded hair is ______________.
monliethrix
A highly contagious skin disease caused by a parasite called a mite that burrows under the skin is ______________.
scabies
The term for the spiral shape of a coiled protein is ______________.
helix
Shaving, clipping, and cutting the hair on the head ______________.
has no effect on hair growth
Dry, sulfur-yellow, cuplike crusts on the scalp are called ______________.
scutula
The ______________ are part of the integumentary system.
hair, skin, nails, and glands
The long, coarse, pigmented hair found on the scalp, legs, arms, and bodies of males and females is called ______________.
terminal hair
The technical term for knotted hair is ______________.
trichorrhexis nodosa
The ______________ is the innermost layer of the hair and is composed of round cells.
medulla
When hair leaves the follicles at an angle and forms patterns or streams on the head, it is called ______________.
a whorl
The part of the hair located below the surface of the epidermis is the ______________.
hair root
A particular pattern of hair stream that is usually more noticeable on the front hairline in people with short, thick hair is a ______________.
cowlick
The ability of the hair to absorb moisture is called ______________.
hair porosity
The middle layer of the hair is the ______________.
cortex
An autoimmune disorder that causes the affected hair follicles to be mistakenly attacked by a person’s own immune system is ______________.
alopecia areata
Vellus hair is also known as ______________.
lanugo hair
What are the basic building blocks of hair that affect how chemical solutions react?
Amino acids, peptide bonds, polypeptide chains, keratin proteins, and side bonds
Human hair burns ____ giving off a distinctive odor.
slowly
What is a severe type of dandruff characterized by an accumulation of greasy or waxy scalp scales mixed with sebum?
Pityriasis steatoides
What is a scalp disorder characterized by dry, sulfur yellow, cup-like crusts on the scalp?
Tinea favosa
Hair is composed of protein that grows from cells originating within the ______.
hair follicle
The body naturally produces _______ of the 20 amino acids that make up hair.
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