Ch. 1 - History & Career Opportunities

Question 1

African Civilization had a variety of hairstyles that were used as a symbol of tribal tradition and conveyed a message of age marital status, rank, and ______________.

Answer 1

Power

Question 2

Which civilization first used essential oils from the leaves, bark, and blossoms of plants for used as perfumes and for purification purposes?

Answer 2

Egyptians

Question 3

Which ancient civilization was the first to cultivate beauty in an extravagant fashion?

Answer 3

Egyptians

Question 4

To achieve a look at greater intelligence during the renaissance, what did women do?

Answer 4

Shave their eyebrows and hairline

Question 5

During the middle ages, women wore colored makeup on their ______________.

Answer 5

Lips

Question 6

In ancient Rome, haircolor was used by women to indicate ______________.

Answer 6

Class in society

Question 7

The ancient Greeks made lavish perfumes and cosmetics for grooming, medicinal purpose, and ______________.

Answer 7

Religious rites

Question 8

When did women commonly use henna to stain their hair and nails a rich, warm red?

Answer 8

Egyptian era

Question 9

If you were a middle class woman in ancient Rome, what color would you dye your hair to indicate your class?

Answer 9

Blonde

Question 10

What did Victorian women do to induce their natural color?

Answer 10

Pinch their cheeks

Question 11

The onset of ______________ led to a new prosperity in the United States, during which all forms of beauty began to follow the trends set by celebrities and society figures

Answer 11

Industrialization

Question 12

Who developed makeup that was popular with movie stars because it would not cake or crack, even under hot studio lights?

Answer 12

Max Factor

Question 13

Gloria Swanson and ______________ helped glamorize the hip new nail lacquer trend in the 1930s by wearing matching polish on their fingers and toes

Answer 13

Jean Harlow

Question 14

By 1925, the Associated Master Barbers and Beauticians of American (AMBBA) established the National Education Council with the goal of standardizing requirements for barber schools and barber instructor training, establishing curriculum, and setting forth ______________.

Answer 14

State licensing laws

Question 15

The world’s first ammonia-free hair color was invented by ______________ in 1985 .

Answer 15

Farouk Shami

Question 16

What holds the key to individual development and personal motivation, gives you knowledge and advance, and provides you the best opportunity to advance your career and achieve real success?

Answer 16

Continuing education

Question 17

Who provides a connection between salons and their staff and the rest of the beauty industry by providing information about new products, new trends, and new techniques?

Answer 17

A distributor sales consultant

Question 18

In order to get experience providing hairstyling services on film and tv sets, one should be prepared to ______________.

Answer 18

Offer to volunteer

Question 19

To be a successful salon manager, you must have an aptitude for math and accounting and understand ______________.

Answer 19

Marketing

Question 20

Who invented the curling iron?

Answer 20

Marcel Grateau

Question 21

Most manufacturers consider the creative director to be ______________ and the driving force behind brand success.

Answer 21

An executive level position

Question 22

In 1932, Lawrence Gelb, a New York chemist, introduced the first permanent hair color product and founded a company called ______________.

Answer 22

Clairol

Question 23

The individual credited with coining the term day spa is ______________.

Answer 23

Noel DeCaprio

Question 24

The beauty icon who turned the hairstyling world on its ear with revolutionary geometric cuts was ______________.

Answer 24

Vidal Sassoon

Question 25

The second half of the twentieth century saw the introduction of tube mascara, improved hair care and nail products, and the boom and ______________ of the weekly salon appointment.

Answer 25

Death

Question 26

Studying the history of cosmetology can _______.

Answer 26

help you predict or understand current trends

Question 27

What greek word is the term cosmetology derived from?

Answer 27

Kosmetikos

Question 28

What does the greek term kosmetikos mean?

Answer 28

Skilled in the use of cosmetics

Question 29

What natural products did ancient people use for coloring matter and tattooing?

Answer 29

mineral, insects, and berries

Question 30

What did many African tribes color their hair with?

Answer 30

Red earth

Question 31

Which ancient queen used custom-blended essential oils as signature scents?

Answer 31

Queen Nefertiti

Question 32

Which Egyptian queen had a personal cosmetics factory?

Answer 32

Cleopatra

Question 33

In both ancient Egypt and Rome, military commanders stained their _______ and _________ in matching colors before important battles.

Answer 33

nails and lips

Question 34

What did Chinese aristocrats rub their nails to color them crimson or ebony?

Answer 34

Gum arabic, gelatin, beeswax, and egg whites

Question 35

During the Chou dynasty, what might have happened to commoners caught wearing a royal nail color?

Answer 35

Death

Question 36

Throughout the Chou Dynasty, what were the royal colors?

Answer 36

Gold and silver

Question 37

In 500 BC, during the golden age of _____, hairstyling became a highly developed art.

Answer 37

Greece

Question 38

Greek women applied preparations of ________ onto their faces, ________ around their eyes, and _________ on their cheeks and lips.

Answer 38

white lead, kohl, and vermillion

Question 39

How did the Greeks create the brilliant red pigment named vermillion?

Answer 39

Grinding cinnabar

Question 40

What color did Roman noblewomen dye their hair?

Answer 40

Red

Question 41

What color did poor women in Roman dye their hair?

Answer 41

Black

Question 42

Facials made of milk and bread, fine wine, corn with flour and milk, or flour and fresh butter, were popular with the _____.

Answer 42

Romans

Question 43

What technique was refined by a physician during the middle ages?

Answer 43

Steam distillation

Question 44

Beauty culture in the Middle Ages is evidenced by sculptures, _____, and other artifacts from this period.

Answer 44

tapestries

Question 45

Which wrapping method was most appropriate for use on long hair during the waving process?

Answer 45

spiral wrapping

Question 46

Charles Revson borrowed formulas from what industry to develop his nail polish?

Answer 46

Automobile

Question 47

Today’s alkaline perms are modern versions of what method of permanent waving developed in 1941?

Answer 47

Coldwaves

Question 48

During the 1970s there was a new era in highlighting when French hairdressers introduced the art of hair weaving using _______.

Answer 48

aluminum foil

Question 49

The croquignole wrapping technique was introduced after_______

Answer 49

WWI

Question 50

_____, the child of former slaves, was a pioneer in the modern African American hair care and cosmetics industry.

Answer 50

Sarah Breedlove AKA Madame C.J. Walker