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Kinesiology PTA 125 > ch 10- shoulder joint "glenohumeral joint" > Flashcards

ch 10- shoulder joint "glenohumeral joint" Flashcards

1
Q

ball and socket joint with movement in all three planes and around all three axes; 3 degrees of freedom

A

shoulder joint “glenohumeral”

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2
Q

humeral head articulating with glenoid fossa of scapula

A

shoulder joint “glenohumeral”

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3
Q

most movable joint; least stable joint

A

shoulder joint “glenohumeral”

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4
Q

Joint motions: 1-flexion, extension, and hyperextension; 2-abdution and adduction; 3- medial and lateral rotation; 4- horizontal abduction and adduction; circumduction; scaption

A

shoulder joint “glenohumeral”

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5
Q

normal end feel for all shoulder joint motions because of tension due to ligaments and muscle in joint capsule

A

firm end feel

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6
Q

transverse plane/ vertical axis; 90 degrees of motion

A

medial and lateral rotation

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7
Q

arc of circle motion possible at shoulder; combination of all shoulder motions

A

circumduction

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8
Q

transverse plane/ vertical axis; 30 degrees of motion

A

horizontal abduction

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9
Q

transverse plane/ vertical axis; 120 degrees of motion

A

horizontal adduction

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10
Q

frontal plane/ sagittal plane; 180 degrees of motion

A

abduction and adduction

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11
Q

sagittal plane/ frontal axis; 180 degrees of motion

A

flexion and extension

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12
Q

sagittal plane/ frontal axis; 45 degrees from anatomical position

A

hyperextension

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13
Q

therapeutic shoulder exercises; 30 degrees forward from frontal plane (scapular plane); most functional movements

A

scaption

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14
Q

occurs in open packed position; 55 degrees of abduction and 30 degrees of horizontal adduction

A

greatest AK motion in shoulder joint

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15
Q

convex humeral head moves within the concave glenoid fossa of scapula

A

ak motion of shoulder joint

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16
Q

shoulder joint glides _____ of the roll/swing

A

opposite

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17
Q

humeral head glides posteriorly

A

medial rotation

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18
Q

humeral head glides anteriorly and superiorly

A

extension and adduction

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19
Q

humeral head glides posteriorly and inferiorly

A

flexion and abduction

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20
Q

humeral head glides anteriorly

A

lateral rotation

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21
Q

glide humeral head into direction of restriction between the joint surfaces and lengthen fibers of joint capsule

A

mobilizing force

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22
Q

shallow somewhat egg-shaped socket on superior end, lateral side; articulates with the humerus

A

glenoid fossa

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23
Q

fibrocartilaginous ring attached to the rim of the glenoid fossa, which deepens the articular surface

A

glenoid labrum

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24
Q

most area on the anterior (costal) surface, providing attachment for the subscapularis muscle

A

subscapular fossa

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25
Q

below the spine, provides attachment for the infraspinatus muscle

A

infraspinous fossa

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26
Q

above the spine, provides attachment for the supraspinatus muscle

A

supraspinous fossa

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27
Q

providing attachment for teres major and minor muscles

A

axillary border

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28
Q

broad, flat area on the superior lateral aspect, providing attachment for middle deltoid muscle

A

acromion process

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29
Q

longest and largest of upper extremity

A

humerus

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30
Q

semirounded proximal end; articulates with the scapula

A

head

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31
Q

slightly constricted area just below tubercles where the head meets the body

A

surgical neck

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32
Q

circumferential groove separating the head from the tubercle

A

anatomical neck

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33
Q

“body” the area between the surgical neck procimally and wider distal end

A

shaft

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34
Q

large projection lateral to head and lesser tubercle

A

greater tubercle

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35
Q

shoulder projection on anterior surface, medial to greater tubercle; provides attachment for the subscapularis muscle

A

lesser tubercle

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36
Q

on the lateral side near the midpoint of the shaft; not usually a well-defined muscle

A

deltoid tuberosity

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37
Q

“intertubercular groove”; the longitudinal groove between the tubercles; containing the tendon of the long head of biceps

A

bicipital groove

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38
Q

lateral and medial lips of bicipital groove, or crests of greater and lesser tubercles

A

bicipital ridges

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39
Q

lateral lip (crest of greater tubercle) provides attachment for

A

pectoralis major muscle

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40
Q

medial lip (crst for lesser tubercle) provides attachment for

A

latissimus dorsi and teres major

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41
Q

injury caused by a fall on outstretched hand; results in impacted fracture and common in elderly

A

humeral neck fracture

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42
Q

caused by direct blow or twisting force; increase risk for radial nerve injury

A

midhumeral fracture

43
Q

b/c of midhumeral fracture since nerve passes next to bone in spiral groove

A

radial nerve injury

44
Q

occurs at humerus; may be caused by benign tumors or metastatic carcinoma from primary sites such as lung, breast, kidney, prostate

A

pathological fracture

45
Q

commonly seen in people who have hemiplegia usually from a cerebrovascular accident (stroke); paralysis of shoulder muscle leaves them no longer able to hold head of humerus in glenoid fossa; paralysis combined with pull of gravity and weight of arm overtime causes partial dislocation

A

gelnohumeral subluxation

46
Q

most common joint dislocation; forced shoulder abduction and lateral rotation tends to be the dislocation motion causing the humeral head to slide anteriorly out of glenoid fossa

A

anterior shoulder dislocations

47
Q

inflammation and fibrosis of shoulder joint capsule, which leads to pain and loss of ROM; frozen shoulder

A

adhesive capsulitis

48
Q

involves distal tendinous insertion of supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis on greater/lesser tubercle area of humerus

A

torn rotator cuff

49
Q

overuse condition that involves compression between the acromial arch, the humeral head, and soft tissue structures- coracoacromial ligament, rotator cuff muscles, long head of biceps, and subacromial bursa; swimmers shoulder

A

impingement syndrom

50
Q

damage to glenoid labrum; results in pain and limited motion in shoulder joint

A

labral tear

51
Q

involves the long head of the biceps proximally as it crosses the humeral head, changes direction, and descends into bicipital groove; a rupture of biceps long head tendon commonly occurs during repetitive or forceful overhead positions

A

bicipital tendonitis

52
Q

chronic inflammation of supraspinatus tendon can lead to an accumulation of mineral deposits; may be asymptomatic or quite painful

A

calcific tendonitis

53
Q

overloading the muscle in an abducted and laterally rotated positions tends to be the force subluxing the tendon out of the bicipital groove

A

subluxing of biceps tendon

54
Q

divides into superior, middle, inferior; reinforce the anterior portion of the capsule; pleated folds of capsule

A

glenohumeral ligaments

55
Q

attaches from lateral side of coracoid process and spans the joint anteriorly to the medial side of greater tubercle; strengthens upper part of joint capsule

A

coracohumeral ligament

56
Q

fibrous ring that surrounds the rim of glenoid fossa; function: deepen articular cavity

A

glenoid labrum

57
Q

large and located between the deltoid muscle and joint capsule

A

subdeltoid bursa

58
Q

lies below the acromion and coracoacromial ligament between them and joint capsule

A

subacromial bursa

59
Q

tendinous band formed by the blending together of the tendinous instertions of the subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor; help keep head of humerus against the glenoid fossa during joint motion (rotating motion)

A

rotator cuff

60
Q

thin-walled spacious container that attaches around the rim of the glenoid fossa and the anatomical neck of humerus

A

joint capsule

61
Q

formed by outer fibrous membrane and inner synovial membrane

A

joint capsule

62
Q

shoulder abducted: inferior portion is ____ and superior portion is _____

A

taut; slack

63
Q

anatomical position: inferior portion is ____ and superior portion is _____

A

slack; taut

64
Q

lumbar aponeurosis; superficial fibrous sheet that attaches to the spinous processes of lower thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, the supraspinal ligament, and posterior part of iliac crest, covering the sacrospinalis muscle

A

thoracolumbar fascia

65
Q

provides broad attachment for the latissimus dorsi muscle

A

thoracolumbar fascia

66
Q

completely surrounds joint and creates a vacuum to help hold the head against the fossa

A

joint capsule

67
Q

glenoid fossa faces in an anterior, lateral, and upward direction. the purpose of upward direction is to

A

provide stability to joint

68
Q

most muscles of shoulder joint originate on scapula, clavicle, or rib cage and insert on _____

A

humerus

69
Q

muscles crossing anterior aspect of the joint have a ____ line of pull and ____ joint

A

vertical; flex

70
Q

muscles crossing posterior aspect of joint have a _____ line of pull and ____ joint

A

vertical; extend

71
Q

if the muscles crosses the superior/lateral aspect of the joint, it will ____

A

abduct

72
Q

if the muscle crosses the inferior/medial aspect of joint, it will ____

A

adduct

73
Q

if the muscles have a horizontal line of pull crossing posterior aspect of joint, it will ____

A

laterally rotate and horizontal abduct

74
Q

if the muscles have a horizontal line of pull crossing anterior aspect of joint, it will _____

A

medially rotate and horizontal adduct

75
Q

originates on trunk and insert on scapula causing movement or stabilization of scapula

A

shoulder girdle

76
Q

originates on scapula or trunk and inserts on humerus causing movement of shoulder joint

A

shoulder joint

77
Q

covers most superficial chest wall

A

pectoralis major

78
Q

superficial cap over anterior, lateral, and posterior sides of shoulder

A

deltoid

79
Q

covers most anterior and posterior arm

A

biceps and triceps brachii

80
Q

deep in trapezius above scapula spine

A

supraspinatus

81
Q

covers lumbar and thoracic regions of back

A

latissimus dorsi

82
Q

infraspinatus, teres minor, teres major lie _____ scapular spine in descending order

A

below

83
Q

lies deep to pectoralis major and anterior deltoid; lies medially to short head of biceps

A

coracobrachialis

84
Q

deep muscle; runs horizontally through the axilla to proximal end of anterior humerus

A

subscapularis

85
Q

the ak motions of spin, glide, and roll help with

A

keeping the humerus articulating with glenoid fossa

86
Q

deltoid has a _____ line of pull and pulls ____ against acromion process

A

vertical; upward

87
Q

humeral head rolls superiorly across glenoid fossa and glides inferior; accomplished by rotator cuff muscles

A

abduction

88
Q

rotator cuff muscles are essential for ___

A

movement and stability

89
Q

in addition to abducting, the supraspinatus _____

A

pulls head into glenoid fossa

90
Q

shoulder abduction can only be performed if shoulder is _____

A

laterally rotated

91
Q

subscapularis, infraspinatus, and teres minor pull head in and downward against glenoid fossa to counteract the upward pull of the ____

A

deltoids

92
Q

shoulder laterally rotated then abduct; greater tubercle rotated from under acromion process- medially rotated or neutral

A

“open can”

93
Q

medially rotate arm then abduct with thumb pointed down

A

empty can

94
Q

anterior deltoid, pectoralis (clavicular) muscles perform

A

flexion

95
Q

posterior deltoid, latissimus dorsi, teres major, pectoralis major (sternal) muscles perform ____

A

extension

96
Q

latissimus dorsi, posterior deltoid perform

A

hyperextension

97
Q

deltoid, supraspinatus perform

A

abduction

98
Q

pectoralis major, teres major, latissimus dorsi perform

A

adduction

99
Q

posterior deltoid, infraspinatus, and teres minor perform

A

horizontal abduction

100
Q

pectoralis major, anterior deltoid perform

A

horizontal adduction

101
Q

infraspinatus, teres minor, posterior deltoid perform

A

lateral rotation

102
Q

latissimus dorsi, teres major, subscapularis, pectoralis major, anterior deltoid perform

A

medial rotation

103
Q

____ coupled with ____ creates normal joint motion

A

ak motion; ok motion

Kinesiology PTA 125 (21 decks)

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