Ch. 10

Question 1

punisher

Answer 1

contingent consequence that decreases future probability of behavior below pre-punishment level

Question 2

punishment

Answer 2

process of procedure whereby a punisher decreases the future probability of an operant response

Question 3

positive punishment

Answer 3

contingent presentation of consequence that decreases probability of behavior below no-punishment level

-common procedure is to establish baseline rate of operant behavior by arranging contingent reinforcer
–after stable no-punishment baseline is established, the pos.-punishment contingency is introduced

Question 4

negative punishment

Answer 4

contingent removal, reduction, or prevention of reinforcer, the effect of which decreases the future probability of behavior below no-punishment lvl.

Question 5

6 characteristics of effective punishment interventions

Answer 5

1) identify reinforcer
-contingent, large, high-quality and immediate

2) combine punishment with extinction and/or differential reinforcement

3) deliver punishers immediately

4) deliver punishment contingently

5) punish every time

6) use punisher in Goldilocks zone
-not too aversive or benign that it doesn’t decrease behavior
-start w/ low-intensity punisher and gradually increase aversiveness until it works

Question 6

ways to clarify punishment contingency

Answer 6

1) verbally
2) playing audio or video recording of inappropriate behavior before its punished
3) having individual re-enact problem behavior prior to delivering punisher