10.2

Question 1

primary punisher

Answer 1

contingent consequence that functions as a punisher because, in the evolutionary past of the species, this consequence decreased the chances of survival

-pain-inflicting stimuli or removal/reduction of primary reinforcer like food, water, a sexual partner

Question 2

conditioned punisher

Answer 2

contingent consequence that signals delay reduction to backup reinforcer

Question 3

conditioned punisher will suppress behavior when:

Answer 3

1) backup reinforcer (US) is a phylogenetically important event

2) conditioned punisher (CS) is highly salient (noticeable)

3) conditioned punisher signals a large delay reduction to US

4) conditioned punisher isn’t redundant with another stimulus that already signals the US is coming

Question 4

2 common punishment contingencies

Answer 4

1) time-out from pos. reinforcement

2) response-cost punishment

Question 5

time-out from pos. reinforcement

Answer 5

signaled response-contingent suspension of positive-reinforcement contingency, the effect of which decreases the future probability of problem behavior

Question 6

4 guidelines for effectively using time-out from pos. reinforcement

Answer 6

1) provide no more than one verbal warning

2) significantly reduce access to reinforcers

3) end after no more than 5 minutes, even if the child isn’t sitting quietly

4) every instance of problem behavior produces a time-out

Question 7

response-cost punishers

Answer 7

neg. punishers that involve removal or reduction of reinforcer