Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology > Ch 1: The Human Body > Flashcards

Ch 1: The Human Body Flashcards

1
Q

Define anatomy

A

The study of the body’s structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the different focuses of anatomy?

A
  1. Gross or macroscopic both regional and systematic
  2. Microscopic
  3. Developmental
  4. Pathological
  5. Radiographic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Define physiology

A

Founded on physics and chemistry, physiology focus on cellular and molecular levels revealing the body’s dynamic and animated workings.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How are physiological subdivisions determines

A

The organ systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Explain the principle of complementarity

A

A and P are inseparable where functions reflect structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the different levels of structural organization?

A
  1. Chemical level: atom and molecules
  2. Cellular level: organelle and cells
  3. Tissue level: muscle tissue
  4. Organ level: heart
  5. Organ system: cardiovascular
  6. Organismal: human
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Explain interdependency and interrelationships among organ systems

A

Humans are multicellular and all body functions spread among different organ systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the life functions?

A
  1. Maintaining boundaries from external and internal environments
  2. Movement to respond to our environment
  3. Responsiveness to threats
  4. Digestion of nutrients
  5. Metabolism (all chemical reactions in body) to produce energy
  6. Dispose of wastes releasing toxins
  7. Reproduction
  8. Growth for cell division
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the survival needs?

A
  1. Nutrients
  2. Oxygen
  3. Water
  4. Normal body temperature
  5. Atmospheric pressure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Define homeostasis

A

The maintenance of relatively stable internal conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe what a homeostatic control system would look like

A

When there is an imbalance (stimulus), the receptor detect the change. Imputting info along the afferent pathway to the control center, the efferent pathway would outbut info to the effector. The effector will respond to reduce the effect of the stimulus in order restore homeostatic balance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the acronym SAME?

A

Sensory is afferent, and motor is efferent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Explain negative feedback

A

Variable changes in opposite direction of initial change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Explain positive feedback

A

Response enhances or exaggerates original stimulus so response is accelerated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Examples of positive feedback

A

Child birth and blood clotting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Describe the anatomical position.

A
  1. Body erect
  2. Feet slightly apart
  3. Palms facing forward (thumbs away from body)
17
Q

Toward the head; above

A

Superior (Cranial)

18
Q

Away from head, below

A

Inferior (caudal)

19
Q

Toward the front of body, in front of

A

Ventral (anterior)

20
Q

Toward the back of body, behind

A

Dorsal (posterior)

21
Q

Toward midline

A

Medial

22
Q

Away from midline

A

Lateral

23
Q

Between a more medial and more lateral structure

A

Intermediate

24
Q

Closer to the origin of the body part or point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

A

Proximal

25
Q

Farther from the origin of the body part or point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

A

Distal

26
Q

Toward or at the body surface

A

Superficial

27
Q

Away from body surface

A

Deep

28
Q

List what is in dorsal cavities

A
  1. Cranial: encases brain

2. Vertebral (spinal): encases spinal cord

29
Q

List what’s in the ventral body cavities

A
  1. Thoracic pleural

2. Abdominopelvic

30
Q

What does the mediastinum have?

A

Thoracic organs

31
Q

What does the pericardial have?

A

Heart

32
Q

What does the abdominal cavity have?

A

Stomach, instestines, spleen, liver

33
Q

What does the pelvic cavity have?

A

Bladder, repro organs, rectum

34
Q

Cavities exposed to outside environment

A
  1. Oral and digestive
  2. Nasal
  3. Orbital
  4. Middle ear
35
Q

What is the serous membrane (serosa)?

A
  1. Pericardium: heat
  2. Pleurae: lungs
  3. Peritoneum: abdominopelvic cavity
36
Q

What are the 2 serous membranes and where are they located?

A

Each membrane contain a parietal (outside) and visceral (inside) layer

Physiology (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions