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OMM > Cervical I > Flashcards

Cervical I Flashcards

1
Q

Where does most of the rotation in the cervical spine occur?

A

Between C1 and C2

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2
Q

Unlike other vertebrae, the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae are (anterior or posterior) to the facet joints

A

Anterior

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3
Q

What are the typical vertebrae?

A

C3-C6

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4
Q

What are the two atypical cervical vertebrae?

A

C1 and C2

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5
Q

What is characteristic about the spinous process of C3-C6?

A

Bifid

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6
Q

What are the vertebral bodies shaped like for C3- C6?

A

Saddle shaped

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7
Q

Which cervical vertebral bodies have transverse foramen for the vertebral arteries? Which one does not hold the vertebral artery?

A

C3-C7

C7 does not hold the artery

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8
Q

Is the spinous process of C7 bifid?

A

no

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9
Q

What is unique about C1?

A

Does not have a body or a spinous process

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10
Q

What are the facets like in C1?

A

Concave superior

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11
Q

Is there a disc between the occiput and the atlas? What is the joint called?

A

no–occipito-atlantal joint

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12
Q

What serves as the body of C1?

A

The odontoid process

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13
Q

What are the facets like on C2? What do these articulate with?

A

Convex superior

Articulate with convex cartilage covering the inferior facets of C1

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14
Q

Is there a disc between C2 and C1?

A

no

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15
Q

How are the facets situated in the cervical spine?

A

Backwards, upwards, and medial (BUM BUL BUM)

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16
Q

What are the articular pillars?

A

The columnar arrangement of the facets

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17
Q

Where are the facets of the cervical spine relative to the transverse processes?

A

Posterior to them

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18
Q

What are we palpating in the cervical spine: the transverse processes, or the facets?

A

The facets

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19
Q

What are the joints of Luschka?

A

Joints located at the lateral/posterior surface of the cervical vertebral bodies

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20
Q

What are the uncinate processes of the cervical spine?

A

Projections located on the superior aspect of each cervical body, that participate in the uncovertebral joints

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21
Q

What is the function of the uncovertebral joints?

A

Protects the cervical nerves from pressure

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22
Q

What is the function of the cervical spine?

A

Supports the skull and provide mobility

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23
Q

What are the two transitional areas that the cervical spine participates in?

A

OA/AA/C2 and C7/T1

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24
Q

What does the ALL protect against?

A

Hyperextension

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25
Q

Where does the ALL run from and to?

A

From the occiput to the sacrum

26
Q

Where does the PLL run from and to?

A

From the posterior aspect of the vertebral bodies

27
Q

What is the function of the PLL?

A

Prevents hyperflexion

28
Q

Pts with RA or Down’s syndrome have increased laxity in what ligaments?

A

Alar and transverse ligaments

29
Q

What is the function of the ligamentum flavum?

A

Prevents separation of the vertebral lamina, stopping abrupt flexion of the vertebral column

30
Q

Where is the ALL, PLL, and ligamentum flavum?

A
31
Q

What is the nuchal ligament?

A

Extends from the inion and posterior border of the foramen magnum to the spinous processes of the cervical vertebrae

32
Q

What is the function of the nuchal ligament?

A

Limits cervical flexion

33
Q

What are the three muscles that utilize the nuchal ligament as an attachment point?

A

Splenius cervicis
Splenius capitus
Upper trap

34
Q

What are the attachment of the Alar ligament?

A

From C2 to the occiput, as well as side of the dens to the lateral margins of the foramen magnum

35
Q

What are the attachments of the transverse ligaments?

A

From C1, across dens, to other side of C1

36
Q

What is the function of the transverse ligament?

A

Holds the dens of C2 against the anterior arch of C1

37
Q

What must be done before OMM can be performed on patients with increased laxity of the Alar and transverse ligament?

A

Neck xray

38
Q

Where is the C1 located

A

Between the angle of the mandible and mastid process

39
Q

Where is the C2 located?

A

Angle of the mandible

40
Q

Where is the C3 located?

A

Hyoid bone

41
Q

Where is C4 located?

A

Superior thyroid cartilage

42
Q

Where is C5 located?

A

Inferior thyroid cartilage

43
Q

Where is C6 located?

A

Cricoid cartilage

44
Q

Where is C7 located?

A

Vertebral prominens

45
Q

What are the three muscles that can often cause HAs?

A

Levator scap
Trap
SCM

46
Q

What is the muscle that can cause neck and shoulder pain?

A

Omohyoid

47
Q

Numbness and tingling down the arm can be d/t pinching between what muscles?

A

Anterior and middle scalenes

48
Q

What are the components of the suboccipital triangle?

A

Rectus capitus post major
Oblique capitus sup
Obluqie capitus inf

49
Q

What are the three short restrictors of the neck?

A

Rotators
Intertransversarii
Interspinalis

50
Q

What is the “yes” joint?

A

Occipital-atlanto joint

51
Q

What forms the OA joint? What bones are concave, and which are convex?

A

Occipital condyles (convex) and superior articular facets of the atlas (concave)

52
Q

What are the primary motions of the OA joint?

A

Flex/extension

53
Q

For flexion, the occipital condyle slide anteriorly or posteriorly on C1?

A

Posteriorly

54
Q

For extension, the occipital condyle slide anteriorly or posteriorly on C1?

A

Anteriorly

55
Q

Sidebending and rotation of the OA are the same or opposite?

A

Opposite sides

56
Q

What are the biomechanics of sidebending of the OA joint?

A

One occipital condyle slides upward on one side, the other down

57
Q

How many articulations are there of the Atlanto-axial joint? What are they?

A

Four:

  • Right and left facet joints
  • Dens/atlas
  • Dens/transverse ligament
58
Q

Convex/concave of right and left facet joints of the AA?

A 
Convex = atlas
Concave = axis
59
Q

What is the primary motion of the AA joint?

A

Rotation, with small amounts of flex and ext

60
Q

Rotation and sidebending of the cervical spine from C2 to C7 are on the same or opposite sides?

A

Same

61
Q

Does the AA joint side bend?

A

No

OMM (30 decks)

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