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Physiology And Pharmacology > Central Nervous System > Flashcards

Central Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the CNS made up of?

A

The brain and spinal cord

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2
Q

What is the main role of the brain?

A

To process information from the internal and external environment

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3
Q

What are the three main regions of the brain?

A

Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Brain stem

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4
Q

What is the cerebrum is responsible for?

A

It is the most developmentally advanced part of the brain and responsible for many higher functions such as speech, integration of sensory stimuli, and fine movement control

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5
Q

What is the cerebellum responsible for?

A

It is the second largest area of the brain and is responsible for maintaining balance and further control of movement and coordination
As well as this it is important for everyday functions

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6
Q

What is the brain stem divided into?

A

Medulla
Midbrain
Pons

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7
Q

What is the brain step responsible for?

A

Responsible for a variety of autonomic functions such as; respiratory control, heart rate, blood pressure, attention, arousal and wakefulness

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8
Q

What is nervous tissue?

A

Neurones and glial cells

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9
Q

What are the four lobes of the brain?

A

Frontal
Parietal
Temporal
Occipital

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10
Q

What is the frontal lobe responsible for?

A

Personality, emotions, motor functions, speech, memory, movement as well as planning control and voluntary movement

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11
Q

What is the parietal lobe responsible for?

A

Auditory association, interpretation of words and thoughts and smells. This are receives and processes sensory information

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12
Q

What is the temporal lobe responsible for?

A

Speech, language, smell, touch, position, sensory interpretation, special awareness, storage of sensory information

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13
Q

What is the occipital lobe responsible for?

A

Sight and visual interpretation, past visual experience

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14
Q

What is the mid brain responsible for?

A

It contains the auditory and visual reflex centre as well as controlling cranial reflex’s such as blinking and ducking the head in accordance to visual stimuli

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15
Q

What is the pons responsible for?

A

It relays sensory information between the cerebrum and cerebellum

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16
Q

What is the medulla responsible for?

A

It contains the respiratory, vasomotor and cardiac centres for the control of breathing and cardiovascular functions as well as many reflex actions such as coughing

17
Q

What fibres are found on the ascending tracts of the spinal cord?

A

Sensory nerve fibres

18
Q

What fibres are found in the descending tracts in the spinal cord?

A

Motor nerve fibres

19
Q

What is the role of the spinal cord?

A

It links the brain to the rest of the body

20
Q

What is the limbic system?

A

It included the hypothalamus, hypo-campus and amygdala.

It is the primitive portion of the brain and controls emotions, memory, pleasure and pain

21
Q

How many cranial nerves are there?

A

There are 12 and they are essential for life

22
Q

What parts are there for the protection of the brain?

A

Cranium
Meninges
Cerebrospinal fluid
Blood brain barrier

23
Q

What is the role of the meninges?

A

They are membranes around the CNS and provide another layer of protection for the brain as well as the spinal cord.
There are three layers; dura mater, arachnoid mater and pia mater

24
Q

What is the dura mater?

A

The outmost, thickest, strongest layer

25
Q

What is the arachnoid mater?

A

It is the middle, thin, transparent membrane layer

26
Q

What is the pia mater?

A

It’s the innermost, delicate layer that is closest to the surface of the brain and spinal cord

27
Q

What is the blood brain barrier?

A

It is tight junctions of capillaries and astrocytes that create a semi permeable membrane that separate blood from the neurones in the brain

28
Q

What does the blood brain barrier do?

A

Protects the brain from toxic substances.

It stops most chemical entering the brain, proteins and neurotransmitters leaking out.

29
Q

What is the role of CSF?

A

It protects the brain and spinal cord as well as keeping the structure moist, exchanging nutrients and waste and also contributes to breathing regulation due to monitoring co2
Also contributes to intracranial pressure and helps the brain ‘float’

Physiology And Pharmacology (22 decks)

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