cellular respiration

Question 1

cellular respiration

Answer 1

process that changes food from chemical energy (glucose) into cellular energy (ATP)

• Occurs in cytoplasm + mitochondria of plant/animal cells

Question 2

cellular respiration equation

Answer 2

Equation: Glucose+Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

Question 3

glycolysis and pyruvates

Answer 3

• Glycolysis - breakdown of glucose by enzymes which releases energy and produces pyruvate
• Produces ATP very fast and no oxygen is required
• Occurs in all organisms within the cytoplasm
• Pyruvate - end product of glycolysis and either enters Kreb cycle (aerobic) or broken down (anaerobically)

Question 4

aerobic respiration

Answer 4

• Occurs in mitochondria
• Krebs Cycle
  
  • Pyruvate → mitochondria
  • Outcome: 2 ATP and 6CO2
  • Carbon Dioxide → we breathe out
• Electron Transport Chain (produces bulk of energy because of powerful electron acceptor) (powered by oxygen)
  
  • High energy electrons are used → creates concentration gradient in mitochondria
    - Come from energy molecules
    - Outcome: 30-34 ATP and 6H2O molecules (water)
• Other macromolecules can also be broken down

Question 5

anaerobic respiration

Answer 5

• Fermentation: allows cells to continue making ATP until oxygen is present
  - Lactic Acid Fermentation
  - Produced in muscle cells during rapid exercise when body cannot supply enough oxygen to the tissue
  - Build up of lactic acid causes soreness
• Alcohol Fermentation
  - Bacteria yeast
  - Produces carbon dioxide and ethanol