Cellular Biology Flashcards
Cell Theory states…
- All living things composed of cells, basic functional unit of life
- Chemical reactions of life occur in cells
- Arise from preexisting cells
- Carry genetic info as DNA
What displays selective permeability?
Cell Membrane
Where does rRNA synthesis occur?
Nucleolus
What is function of smooth ER?
- Metabolism/detox drugs and poisons
- Production of lipids including steroid hormones
- Stores Ca++ ions in muscles cells
Where does most metabolism take place?
Cytoplasm
Cyclosis
Streaming movement in cell –> transport
Centrioles
- Not bound by membrane
- Located in centrosome region
- NOT in plants
Autolysis
Injured/dying cell ruptures lysosomes to self-destruct
Microtubules
- Hollow rods of tubulin
- Compose centrioles, cilia, flagella
Microfilaments
- Solid rods of actin
- Move materials across plasma membrane in contraction phase of cell division
Endocytosis
-Bring in large volumes of extracellular material
Pinocytosis
-Ingestion of fluids/small particles
Phagocytosis
-Engulfing large particles
Exocytosis
-Fusion of vesicle with cell membrane and release of large volume
Does material pass through cell membrane in endocytosis or exocytosis?
NO
Intracellular circulation…
- Brownian movement (KE spreads small particles)
- Cyclosis (streaming by circular motion)
- ER (continuous passageway from plasma membrane to nuclear membrane)
Prophase
- Chromosomes condense
- Centrioles separate and move to opposite poles
- Spindle apparatus forms
- Nuclear membrane dissolves
Metaphase
- Centrioles at opposite poles
- Fibersattach at kinetochore
- Metaphase plate
Anaphase
- Centromeres split
- Sister chromatids separate and pulled to opposite poles by shortening fibers
Telophase
- Spindle apparatus disappears
- Nuclear membrane forms
- Each nucleus is diploid and chromosomes uncoil
Cytokinesis
- Near end of telophase
- Cleavage furrow (animal) cell plate (plants)
Which stage is responsible for Law of Independent Assortment?
Anaphase I
Where does cellular respiration occur in prokaryotes?
Cell membrane
How many functional gametes are formed in women during meiosis?
1
