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LQB185 > Cells > Flashcards

Cells Flashcards

1
Q

Plasma Membrane

A
  • flexible yet sturdy barrier between intercellular and extra cellulaar
  • contain cytoplasm
  • comprised of phosphlipds and several proteins
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2
Q

Membrane permaebility

A
  • selectivley permeable
  • lipid bilayer always permeable to small nonpolar, uncharged molecules e.g. O2, CO2
  • transmembrane proteins act as channels
  • macrocmolecules can only pass by vesicular transport
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3
Q

Nucleus

A

controls actions in the cell. contain DNA (Chromatin)

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4
Q

Lysosome

A

breaks down food, waste, and worn out cells parts

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5
Q

Cytoplasm

A

fluid material that takes up space between the nucleus and cell membrane, holds the contents of the cell (organelles)

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6
Q

nuclear membrane

A

controlls what entres and exits the cell’s nucleus

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7
Q

cell membrane

A

controlls what entres and leaves the cell

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8
Q

Vacuole

A

storage sac for water, nutrients, and watse

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9
Q

Mitochondrion

A

produces energy (ATP) used by the cell from glucose

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10
Q

Ribosomes

A

produce proteins

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11
Q

cell wall

A

ridgid barrier provides protection, support, structure

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12
Q

Nucleolus

A

located inside nucleus, where ribosomes are made

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13
Q

Chomatin (Chromosomes)

A

contains the cell’s genetic material

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14
Q

Golgi Body

A

processes and packages proteins and lipid molecules

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15
Q

Passive Processes

A
  • simple diffusion
  • facilitated diffusion
  • osmosis
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16
Q

Active Processes

A
  • active transport

- vesicular

17
Q

Osmosis

A

diffusion of water molecules from low to high conc. through a semi-permerable membrane

  • no ATP
  • dilution effect
18
Q

Active Transport

A

Energy derived from ATP changed the shape of a transporter protein which pumps a substance across a plasma membrane against its concentration gradient

19
Q

Simple Diffusion

A
  • does not require ATP

- high -> low conc

20
Q

Facilitated Diffusion

A
  • high -.> low conc.

- uses channels

21
Q

Vesicular Transport

A

predominant mechanism for exchange of proteins and lipids between membrane-bound organelles

22
Q

Smooth ER

A

produces lipids, phospholipids, and steroids

23
Q

Rough ER

A

has ribosomes attached. produces proteins

24
Q

Concentration Gradient

A

the diff in conc. of a chemical inside & outside of the plasma membrane

25
Q

Electrical Gradient

A

the dff in conc of ions between inside & outside the plasma membrane

26
Q

Concentration gradient + electrical gradient =

A

electrochemical gradient

27
Q

cytoskeleton

A

microtuble and filaments/ maintains shape and internal organisation. aids in division, movement, & structure

28
Q

Nuclear Envelope

A

highly regulated membrane barrier that separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm

29
Q

Nuclear Pores

A

protein-lined channel in the nuclear envelope that regulates the transportation of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm

30
Q

Cytosol

A

semi-fluid substance filling interior of cell and is the site of multiple cell processes

31
Q

Free ribosomes

A

ribosomes not attached to ER Free ribosomes synthesize proteins that are released into the cytosol

32
Q

Proteins of Plasma Membrane

A
  • Cholesterol
  • Transmembrane Proteins
  • Peripheral Proteins:
  • Glycolipids and Glycoproteins:
33
Q

role of Cholesterol in Plasma Membrane

A

provides structure and sturdiness

34
Q

role of Transmembrane Proteins in Plasma Membrane

A

allow entry and exit of molecule into and out of the cell

35
Q

role of Peripheral Proteins in Plasma Membrane

A

signals what is going in and out of cell

36
Q

role of Glycolipids and glycoproteins in Plasma Membrane

A

maintain sability. cell-to-cell recognition. signal to immune cells

37
Q

concentration gradient

A

the difference in the concentration of a chemical between one side of the plasma membrane and the other. movement of solutes, distribution of the number of specific moelcules

38
Q

electrical gradients:

A

is the difference in concentration of ions between one side of the plasma membrane and the other. distribution of positivley and negativley charged ions

39
Q

electrochemical gradient

A

concentration + electrical gradients

LQB185 (33 decks)

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