Cells Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function/structure of lysosomes

A

Digest old and unused organelles. Membranous sacs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Structure and function of smooth endoplasmic recticulum

A

Network of membranes extending through the cytoplasm .Synthesis of lipids (SER) synthesis of proteins (RER) and packaging into vesicles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Structure and function of cell wall.

A

Secreted by protoplast has primary and secondary layers. High tensile strength permeable to water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Structure and function of nuclear pore.

A

Gaps in nuclear membrane. Controls what can enter and leave the nucleus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Structure and function of microtubules

A

Polymers of protein forming hollow tubes. Make up centrioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Structure and function of vesicles.

A

Small spherical organelle bounded by single membrane. Store and transport substances around the cell.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Structure and function of chloroplast.

A

Contain chlorophyll and cartenoid pigments. Carry out photosynthesis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Structure and fungi on of micro villi.

A

Form a fringe across the cell surface called a brush border. Increase cell surface up to 25x

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Structure and function of ribosomes.

A

Very small organelle consists a of large and small subunit made of protein and RNA.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Structure and function of plasma membrane

A

Boundary of cell and cell organelles. Encloses cellular contents and regulates movement of materials in and out of cell.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Structure and function of centrioles

A

Hollie cylinders formed of microtubules. Form spindle fibres in cell division.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Structure and function of nucleolus.

A

Smaller structure found within nucleus. Location of ribosome synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Structure and function of Golgi apparatus

A

Stacks of flattened membrane sacs. Modifies and packages proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Structure and function of mitochondria

A

Sac surrounded by envelope has a few ribosomes and circular piece of DNA. Site of most of the respirations of cellular reactions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Structure and function of nuclear membrane

A

Membrane that surrounds the nucleus. Acts as a barrier between the nucleus and rest of cell.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Structure and function of nucleus

A

Large structure surrounded by double membrane and contains DNA. Info in DNA is transcribed in RNA synthesis, specifies cellular proteins.

17
Q

Definition of magnification
Definition of resolution

A

How many times bigger the image is compared to the object
The smallest distance between 2 points that can still be distinguishable.

18
Q

TEM microscope

A

Can see in 2d
Higher resolution
Can see internal structures of organelles
Electron goes through sample
Created image using transmitted electrons

19
Q

TEM microscope

A

Can see in 2d
Higher resolution
Can see internal structures of organelles
Electron goes through sample
Created image using transmitted electrons

20
Q

SEM microscope

A

Can see in 3d
Lower resolution
Reveals surface structure
Can be used on thick specimens
Creates an image by deflecting reflected electrons

21
Q

Light microscope

A

Advantages:
Cheaper to use and buy
View living specimens
Disadvantages:
Low magnification
Low resolution
Images in 2d
See limited number of organelles

22
Q

Electron microscope

A

Advantages:
More detailed organelle
3d image
Higher resolution
Higher magnification
Disadvantages:
More expensive
Require more space to store
Can’t look at living specimens

23
Q

Centimetre, millimetre, micrometer, nanometre

A

-> x10, x1000, x1000
<- /1000, /1000, /10

24
Q

What’s in a prokaryotic cell?

A

Flagellum
Pilli
Cytoplasm
Ribosome
Cell membrane
Plasma
Nucleoid
Slime capsule
Cell wall

25
Definition of Nucleoid Plasmid Pilli Ribosomes Cell membrane Cytoplasm Cell wall Flagellum Slime capsule
Nucleoid-contains instructions for cells function Plasmid-exchanged with other bacterial cells Pilli-allows bacteria to adhere to surfaces Ribosomes-site of protein synthesis Cell membrane-controls what enters and leaves the cell Cytoplasm-location of chemical reactions Cell wall-structure and support.contains murein Flagellum-allows mobility of the cell Slime capsule-prevents dehydration and can protect from external toxins
26
Amoeba
Very basic single called organism
27
What’s the function of Pilli?
Allows bacteria to adhere to surfaces
28
What’s the function of cytoplasm?
Location of chemical reactions
29
What’s the function of Nucleoid?
Contains instructions for the cells function
30
What’s the function of ribosomes?
Site of protein synthesis
31
What’s the function of flagellum?
Allows mobility of the cell
32
What’s the function of the plasmid?
Can be exchanged with other bacterial cells
33
What’s the function of the plasma membrane?
Controls what enters and leaves the cell
34
What’s the function of the cell wall?
For structure and support. Contains meurin
35
What’s the function of the capsule?
Prevents dehydration and can protect from external toxins
36
What identifies and cell being prokaryotic and not eukaryotic?
It has no nucleus It has DNA free floating in the cytoplasm