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TEAS > Cell Structure and photosynthesis > Flashcards

Cell Structure and photosynthesis Flashcards

1
Q

Robert Hooke

A

discovered cells

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2
Q

Cell theory

A
  1. All living things are composed of cells
  2. Cell is the basic unit of life
  3. Cells come from other cells
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3
Q

prokaryotic cells

A
  • unicellular
  • lack nucleus
  • have pili for conjugation
  • Domain Bacteria and Archaea
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4
Q

eukaryotic cells

A
  • multicellular
  • have nucleus
  • fungi, Protista, animalia
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5
Q

smooth er

A

synthesizes lipids

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6
Q

rough er

A

protein synthesis

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7
Q

golgi apparatus

A

packaging

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8
Q

nucleolus

A

make ribosomes

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9
Q

lysosomes

A

digestion, detox

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10
Q

mitochondria

A

powerhouse, makes ATP

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11
Q

chloroplasts

A

aid in photosynthesis, catch light

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12
Q

photosynthesis

A

process of plants making food, products are glucose and oxygen

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13
Q

autotrophs

A

make their own food

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14
Q

photosystem II

A
  • chlorophyll absorbs sunlight and energizes a pair of electrons
  • electrons pass on ETC
  • hydrogen moves from stroma to thylakoid space
  • photolysis occurs and produces hydrogen ions, electrons, and an oxygen
  • oxygen diffuses out of thylakoid into the environment while hydrogen helps w/ gradient
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15
Q

photosystem I

A
  • light energizes a pair of electrons which are accepted by NADP+ which makes NADPH for the calvin cycle
  • the electrons that were lost to NADP+ are replaced by electrons from photosystem II
  • the hydrogen ions move through ATP synthase and their movement aids in making ATP
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16
Q

Light Dependent Reactions Summary

A
  • water is split and releases oxygen while a hydrogen ion gradient is made
  • this promotes the production of ATP
17
Q

Calvin Cycle

A

part of photosynthesis that converts CO2 and H2O into glucose

18
Q

Carbon fixation

A
  • first stage of calvin cycle
  • uses rubisco to chemically combine carbon to RUBP
  • the 6 carbon compound gets split into 2 three-carbon compounds called PGA
19
Q

Reduction

A
  • second stage of calvin
  • ATP and NADH are consumed and convert PGA to G3P
  • only 1 G3P is used for biosynthesis and the rest go to regeneration
20
Q

regeneration

A

the G3P are converted into 5 more RUBP necessary for the Calvin cycle

TEAS (16 decks)

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