flashcards review
cascade effect
Chemical signal molecules rapidly activate many specific enzymes
allergy
Condition where the body’s immune system works too well and attacks itself
cerebrum
Part of the brain that is the largest and controls higher-order functions such as interpreting touch, speech and language, reasoning, emotions, and fine motor control
adh
helps maintain water and salt balance
surfactant
Lining of alveolar surfaces that prevent the lungs from collapsing
cerebellum
Found beneath the cerebrum and behind the brainstem that helps coordinate body movements, posture, and balance
buffy coat
Thin white layer consisting of luekocytes and platelets that splits plasm and erythrocytes in a centrifuged blood sample
crohns disease
Localized inflammatory degeneration that causes the wall of the small intestine to thicken
superior vena cava
Carries deoxygenated blood from the upper half of the body to the right atrium
large intestine
recycles water
Where are the sublingual salivary glands located?
under the tongue
A person seeks help from a dermatologist to reverse saggy, thin skin. What region of the skin does the dermatologist target for correction?
hypodermis layer
Once the third line of defense has begun, which of the following has already occurred?
the patrolling macrophages missed the pathogen
Which neuroglia produces myelin sheaths?
schwann cells
What happens when the diaphragm moves down?
air is drawn into the lungs
f someone needs ATP desperately and has run out of oxygen, what could help?
fermentation
Which happens as a result of diastole?
oxygenated blood flows into the left ventricle
In stressful situations, acetylcholine is produced. Which intercellular chemical signal is responsible for this action?
neuromodulator
n what order does food pass through the parts of the small intestine?
duedenu, jejunum, ileum
If a person wants to slow down the development of wrinkly skin, which of the following activities could be performed?
improve mitotic epidermal cell division
Platelets are important because they
repair broken blood vessels
What structure is reenergized with ATP?
myosin
Which is a characteristic of the epimysium?
protect muscles as they rub against bones
Where does an axon bind to release hormones in the body?
gland
neuroglia are different from neurons because they
provide a form of protection and support
When do vesicles contract and move to the presynaptic membrane?
after calcium ions flood the axon bulb
During childbirth, muscular action in the _____ is primarily responsible for pushing the baby out of the mother’s body.
uterus
Which body system plays a direct role in supplying oxygen to cells and eliminating carbon dioxide from cells?
cardio
After urine flows through one sphincter at the start of the bladder, this fluid flows through the
second spphincter under voluntary control
Which of the following is permeable to water when the antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is present?
collecting duct
Which metabolic pathway generates the most ATP?
oxidative phosphorylation
What is a control variable?
used for comparisons
Which process is anabolic?
lipid synthesis
DNA ____ during the synthesis phase in mitosis?
doubles in size
