Cell, Microscopes And Units

Question 1

What are the 3 principles of cell theory

Answer 1

-the cell is the fundamental unit of structure and function in living things
-all organisms are made up of one or more cells
-cells arise from other cells through cellular division

Question 2

What are similarities between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells

Answer 2

-being alive
-having a cells membrane
-having dna/nucleus
-The ability to divide and reproduce

Question 3

Describe the structure and function of mitochondria

Answer 3

Double membrane
Site of aerobic respiration

Question 4

Totipotent definition

Answer 4

Can give rise to any type of cell

Question 5

Define pluripotent

Answer 5

Can give rise to most types of cell, but not extra-embryonic cells (e.g placenta)

Question 6

Multi potent cells definition

Answer 6

Cells differentiate into limited number of specialised cells

Question 7

Define haematopoesis

Answer 7

Stem cells become specialised blood cells

Question 8

What is mitosis

Answer 8

A process where a single cell divides into 2 identical daughter cells

Question 9

What are the 3 key types of microscopes

Answer 9

-optical (light) microscopes
-transmission electron microscope
-scanning electron microscope

Question 10

5 Light microscope key facts

Answer 10

-lower magnification
-colour images
-can view living samples
-poorer resolution
-used to visualise fine details and small structures

Question 11

5 Electron microscope key facts

Answer 11

-a beam of electrons condense by electromagnets
-higher resolving power due to electrons having short wavelength
-higher magnification
-black and white images
-samples placed in vacuum, therefore non-living

Question 12

Define magnification

Answer 12

Refers to how many times larger the image is compared to the object

Question 13

Define resolution

Answer 13

The minimum distance between two objects where they can be viewed as seperate entities