Cell Metabolism Flashcards
Metabolism is made up of 2 different types of chemical reactions. Name them
Catabolic - large molecules are broken down to smaller ones (e.g. respiration)
Anabolic - small molecules are built up into larger ones (e.g. photosynthesis)
What are enzymes?
Enzymes are proteins that allows chemical reactions to take place at normal body temperature/
List some factors affecting enzyme activity.
Temperature - increase means faster reaction
pH
Concentration of enzymes - the higher, the faster
What things are broken down during cellular respiration?
Carbohydrates to glucose
Protein to amino acids
lipids to fatty acids and glycerol
What is the equation for respiration?
Glucose + Oxygen ——> CO2 + Water + Energy
What is anaerobic respiration? What is aerobic respiration?
Anaerobic - the production of lactic acid from glucose
Aerobic - complete breakdown of glucose to energy
List the stages of Anaerobic respiration
1) glycolysis = 2 molecules of pyruvic acid
2)
List the stages of Aerobic respiration
1) glycolysis (2 ATP + 2 PyrA)
2) Krebs cycle (2 ATP)
3) Electron transport (Up to 34 ATP)
What is metabolism?
Chemical reactions occurring in the cell.
Where does glycolysis take place? What does it produce and how much energy is produced?
The cytoplasm, 2 pyruvic acid and 2 ATP
When does Krebs cycle and Electron transport chain take place? What are their products and how much energy is produced?
It occurs in the mitochondria. Citric acid, carbon dioxide and water are produced. 36 ATP are produced.
What is the product of anaerobic respiration? What happens to this product?
The product of anaerobic respiration is lactic acid. It returns to the liver by the blood, then combined with oxygen to make glucose.
What does the term ‘oxygen debt’ refer to and now is it caused?
When extra oxygen is needed after exercise , in addition to normal resting requirements.
