CD 15

Question 1

Dermatology role for pharmacists ?

Answer 1

Good medicine does not guarantee effective
treatment; patients need additional advice,
information and adjustment of treatment to get
the best effects”

Question 2

Which way Drug gets into the skin from a topical

preparation ?

Answer 2

By diffusion

Question 3

How do you think systemic absorption would

differ in eczema from normal skin?

Answer 3

The absorption would be different.

In eczema skin is cracks so drug diffusion would be change and permeability will change.

Question 4

Most eczema treatment failures were due to ?

Answer 4

-Lack of knowledge about how to use products effectively
-The problems were particularly bad for young children where there
was a major impact on the whole family
- Elderly practical difficulties with
the application
-Prescribers time shortage and couldnt explaing about the treatment.

Question 5

Semisolid preparations are intended for
________ or _________ delivery of active
substances, or for their _________ or
_________ effects.

Answer 5

Local or systemic

Emolient or protective

Question 6

Plastice flow is for

Answer 6

suspension cause it has viscosity and plastic properties

Question 7

Psedoplastic flow is for

Answer 7

commonly for skin

a little be solid and stay on the place

Question 8

Does the effect of skin Age and Location have

a relevant clinical effect on drug absorption?

Answer 8

Yes it has

Question 9

Does the effect of skin Age and Location have

a relevant clinical effect on drug absorption?

Answer 9

Yes it has because of hydration and thinckness.

Question 10

Selection of a base to use in a topical preparation

depends on ?

Answer 10

Effects(Consistance or other features of the base)
Washable properties
Cherecterstics of the surface to which it is applied

Question 11

What is Histamine ?

Answer 11

-Mediator of immediate allergic (urticaria) and
inflammatory conditions
-Has a role in gastric acid secretion
-Most histamine is stored in granules within
(mast) cells or basophils
-Stimuli trigger its release – then histamine
exerts its effects

Question 12

What triggers histamine release?

Answer 12

• Immunological stimuli: accounts for most of histamine release
• Chemical and mechanical stimuli
• Other stimuli: compound can displace histamine from its bound form within cells e.g. other amine compounds

Question 13

Types of Histamine receptor ?

Answer 13

4 types

H1 H2 H3 and H4

Question 14

H1 receptor and its Distribution is ?

Answer 14

Smooth muscle, mast cell, endothelium, brain

Question 15

H2 receptor and its Distribution is ?

Answer 15

Gastric mucosa, cardiac muscle, neutrophils

Question 16

H3 receptor and its Distribution is ?

Answer 16

Pre synaptic autoreceptors and heterorecptors: brain, mysenteric
plexus, other neurons

Question 17

H4 and its distribution is ?

Answer 17

Eosinophils, neutrophils, CD4 T cells

Question 18

Where Most histamine is stored?

Answer 18

in granules within

(mast) cells or basophils

Question 19

What other role histamine has in GI

Answer 19

In gastric acid secration, and function as a neurotransmitter and neuromodulator

Question 20

H1 Antihistamine drugs are classified anto 2 groups

Answer 20

1st generation: Sedating:Promethazene

2nd generation: Non sedating:Ex: Cetirizine hydrochloride and Loratadine

Question 21

Why 2nd generation of H1 antagonist are less sedating?

Answer 21

Less distribution to the central nervous system that is the reason why less sedating.

Question 22

Why 1st generation of H1 antagonist are sedating?

Answer 22

Can enter the CNS readily so they have high BBB permeability

They have anticholinergic side effects Since they interect with muscarinic cholinergic receptors.

Question 23

What are the side effects of First generation H1 antagonist?

Answer 23

Reduce mental alartness
Weight gain
Dizziness
Dry mouth
Increase urine retention