CD 14 Flashcards
Fungal infections Associated with
Skin
Mucous membranes
but Minor in healthy people
Fungal infections serious when
Systemic infections Tinea pedis (Athlete’s foot)
Does Fungi are complex?
complex and evolved than bacteria
Do fungi is Clinically important?
Yes and Opportunistic pathogens
What is Amphotericin B?
- Polyene antibiotic
- Binds to ergosterol in fungal membrane
- Helps to penetrate the wall
What is the Pharmacokinetics of Amphotericin (B)?
Used topically, systemic i.v. infusion
Excreted via by kidneys
What are the Unwanted effect of Amphotericin (B)?
Renal toxicity (80% of patients)
Hypokalemia (20%)
thrombophlebitis (Blood clots)
What are the clinical Usages of Amphotericin (B)?
Candida oesophagitis (HIV/AIDS)
Mucormycosis (weakened immune system e.g. organ transplant)
Meningitis
What is the mechanism of Nystatin?
Pharmacokinetics of Nystatin
Nystatin binds to ergosterol, a major component of the fungal cell membrane.It forms pores in the membrane that lead to K+ leakage, acidification, and death of the fungus.
Pharmacokinetics: Not absorbed from the GI tract, skin, or vagina good for ‘topical’ use
What are the Unwanted effects of Nystatin?
None to note however, Allergic reactions very uncommon
What is the Therapeutic Use of Nystatin?
Only for candidiasis (thrush)
What are the Griseofulvin?
FungiSTATIC and Narrow spectrum
What is the Pharmacokinetics of Griseofulvin?
- Given orally
- Taken up selectively by newly formed skin, concentrated in keratin
- t1/2=24h (retained much longer)
- CYP1A2 inducer Clinically significant drug interactions with warfarin
What are the Unwanted effects of Griseofulvin?
- GI upset
- Photosensitivity
Caution: Not for use in pregnant women (teratogenic)
What are the unwanted effect of amphotericin B
Infusion-related toxicity and nephrotoxicity