Case 7 - anatomy extra

Question 1

features of the obturator nerve

Answer 1

one of the largest nerves to come off the lumbar plexus, formed from the anterior rami of L2,L3,L4

nerve descends through the fibres of the psoas major muscle and emerges from its medial border near the pelvic brim to enter the lesser pelvis

gives two main branches just after leaving the pelvis.
anteriori division and posterior division

motor innervation to all the medial miscues of the thigh. sensory innervation to the skin over the proximal part of the medial thigh

injury to this nerve is rare and it lies deep within the pelvis and medial thigh

Question 2

features of the sciatic nerve

Answer 2

a terminal branch of the sacral plexus, formed form anterior rami of L4,L5,S1,S2,S3

nerve leaves the pelvis through the greater sciatic foremen then courses down the posterior thigh

nerve terminates by splitting into two large terminal branches; the tibial nerve and common fibular nerve

motor and sensort innervation to the posterior thigh

largest nerve of the human body

Question 3

features of the femoral nerve

Answer 3

originates from the anterior rami of the lumbar plexus from L2,L3,L4 it is the longest branch of the lumbar plexus

nerve emerges from the lower lateral border of the psoas major. it descends beneath the midpoint of the inguinal ligament to enter the femoral triangle

Question 4

anterior branch of the femoral nerve

Answer 4

motor; nerve to satorious
sensory’ medial and intermediate femoral cutaneous nerve to thigh

Question 5

posterior branch of femoral nerve

Answer 5

motor; nerve to pectinous, muscle branches (quads supply)
sensory: saphenous

Question 6

motor of femoral nerve:

Answer 6

innervates the anterior thigh muscles that flex the hip joint and extend the kneee

Question 7

where does sensory supply

Answer 7

cutaneous branches to the anteromedial thigh and the medial side of the leg and foot

Question 8

look up and learn diagram of dermatomes of the lower limb

Question 9

what do the arches of the foot do

Answer 9

distribute weight throughout the foot. they act as shock absorbers and as a springboard for propelling the foot forward in walking and running. they also allow the foot to adapt to uneven surfaces of the ground

Question 10

what is the medial longitudinal arch made up of

Answer 10

calcaneus, talus, navicular, cuneiforms, first to third metatarsals

Question 11

what is the lateral longitudinal arch made up of

Answer 11

calcaneus, cuboid, firth and forth metatarsal

Question 12

what is the transverse arch made up of

Answer 12

cuboid, cuneiforms, bases of metatarsals

Question 13

what is the largest and most important arch

Answer 13

the medial longitudinal

Question 14

what are the two muscles that inset into the base of the first metatarsal and the medial cuneiforms and therefore help to strengthen the medial arch

Answer 14

peroneus longus
tibialis anterior