Case 5 - Tests Flashcards
what is the Glasgow coma scale
a neurological scale that aims to give a reliable, objective way of recording the convisous state of a. person for initial as well as subsequent assessment
what does a score of 3 indicate
deep unconsciousness
what does 15 indicate
fine
Glasgow Coma Scale diagram
what is NIHSS
a systematic assessment tool to measure stroke related neurological deficit. in clinical practice is can be used to evaluate acute stroke patients and determine the appropriate treatment
what is the method of use of the NIHSS
15 item neurological examination stroke scale
how is each item scored
on a 3- to 5- point scale, with 0 as normal and there is an allowance for untestable items.
what is a very severe score
> 25
what is a severe score
15-24
what is a mild to moderately severe score
5-14
what is a mild score
1-5
when can the validity of the NIHSS score be reduced
when there is a language barrier, neurological deficit or intubated
what is confrontation visual field testing
involves the patient looking directly at your eye or nose and testing each quadrant of the patients visual field by having them count the number of fingers you are showing. this is a test of one eye at a tine. it is useful for the examiner to close one eye so one can determine if the patient is seeing appropriately In their visual field
what is the MRC muscle power scale
neurological exam of the upper and lower limbs
scoring of the MRC scale
0 - no contraction
1 - flicker or trace of contraction
2 - active movement with gractity eliminated
3 - active movement against gravity
4 - active movement against gravity and resistance
5 - normal power
what is monophonic
no rebound of the vessel - atherosclerotic and not normal
are biphasic and triphasic normal
yes
what is a non construct CT
demonstrate haemorrhage immediately but in cerebral infraction is often not detected or only subtle changes are seen initially
what does MRI show
shows changes in early infarction and later MRI shows the full extent of the damaged area or penumbra
what is a diffusion weighted MRI
can detect cerebral infarction immediately but is a accurate as CT for the detection of haemorrhage
