Care of HIV patients (lecture) Flashcards
When did screening of donated blood for HIV begin?
1985
When did screening of donated blood for HIV begin?
1985
HIV can be spread via what four bodily fluids?
Semen, cervicovaginal fluid, Breast milk, CSF
What will be the cell types that are most abnormal in an acutely infected HIV patient?
Lymphocytes will be increased more than the others (viral infections in general) and Platelets will be very low (40,000)
Patient shows up with pneumonia. First line treatment is ______ and _____ for CAP. If there is no response, infection from _________ ________ (organism) is highly likely and increases suspicion of what underlying infection?
Azithromycin and Ceftriaxone Pneumocystis jirovecii (yeast-like fungus) is an AIDS defining illness
What are the screening and diagnostic tests for HIV?
ELISA is screening (high sensitivity)
Western Blot is diagnostic (high specificity)
What condition is most likely to give a false positive for HIV ELISA?
Pregnancy
What two tests are used for detecting primary HIV infection? Which is more specific?
p24 antigen is more specific
HIV RNA PCR is more sensitive
What three malignancies are most strongly a/w HIV?
Lymphoma, cervical carcinoma, Karposi’s sarcoma
All of these are a/w oncogenic viruses
Prophylaxis for PCP, Toxo, and MAC is indicated at what CD4 levels?
Post-needle stick ART therapy should begin within what time frame?
2 hr time limit
HIV can be spread via what four bodily fluids?
Semen, cervicovaginal fluid, Breast milk, CSF
What will be the cell types that are most abnormal in an acutely infected HIV patient?
Lymphocytes will be increased more than the others (viral infections in general) and Platelets will be very low (40,000)
Patient shows up with pneumonia. First line treatment is ______ and _____ for CAP. If there is no response, infection from _________ ________ (organism) is highly likely and increases suspicion of what underlying infection?
Azithromycin and Ceftriaxone Pneumocystis jirovecii (yeast-like fungus) is an AIDS defining illness
What are the screening and diagnostic tests for HIV?
ELISA is screening (high sensitivity)
Western Blot is diagnostic (high specificity)
