Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Multisystem Midterm > Antibiotics I (lecture) > Flashcards

Antibiotics I (lecture) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the cell target of penicillins?

A

Cell wall synth (Beta lactam)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the cell target of Cephalosporins?

A

Cell wall synth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the cell target of monolactams?

A

Cell wall synth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the cell target of Carbapenems?

A

Cell wall synth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the cell target of Glycopeptides?

A

Cell wall synth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What enzyme is targeted by all B-lactams?

A

transpeptidase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What amino acid pattern is targeted by B-lactams?

A

D-Ala-D-Ala

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What type of bacteria is primarily targeted by PCN?

A

Gram +

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the two penicillinase-resistant penicillins available in the US?

A

Nafcillin and cloxacillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Ampicillin and amoxicillin are examples of _______ _______ penicillins?

A

Extended range

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the only antipseudomonal pcn available in the US?

A

Ticarcillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What pcn is used to target Enterobacter, Proteus, and Pseudomonuas?

A

Ticarcillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the spectrum of first generation cephalosporins?

A

Narrow spectrum G+ - staph and strep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What cephalosporin is used prophylactically for surgery?

A

Cefazolin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the difference in use between the generations of cephalosporins?

A

As we move from 1st to 4th generation the drug goes from primarily targeting G + to G - (i.e. 1st generation is more G + and 4th is more G -)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What classification of Abx end in “-penem”?

A

Carbapenems

17
Q

What carbapenem is good for E. coli, S. aureus, Klebsiella, Enterobacter and H. influenzae?

A

Imipenem

18
Q

What are two contraindication of Imipenem?

A

PCN allergy, renal disease

19
Q

What is the main benefit of Meropenem and Doripenem compared to Imipenem?

A

Reduced nephrotoxicity

20
Q

What is the main benefit of Ertapenem compared to Imipenem?

A

Longer t1/2 - one / day dosing

21
Q

What generation of cephalosporins is used to target pseudomonas?

A

3rd

22
Q

What cephalosporin is used to target N. meningitidis?

A

Ceftriaxone

23
Q

What drug class is Aztreonam?

A

Monobactam

24
Q

What is used for targeting P. aeruginosa in CF patients?

A

Aztreonam

25
Q

What class of Abxs are known to cause Vit-K deficiency (bleeding side effects)?

A

Cephalosporins

26
Q

What is a side effect unique to Cefoxitin?

A

2nd generation Ceph: Inhibit Aldehyde DH –> build up of acetaldehyde

27
Q

How can ticarcillin lead to cardio toxicity?

A

Induce hypokalemia

28
Q

What are the three mechanisms of Beta-lactam resistance?

A
  • B-lactamases
  • decreased PBP affinity
  • Decreased membrane permeability
29
Q

What is clavulanic acid and why is it used?

A

B-lactamase inhibitor given with pcn drugs to overcome resistance

30
Q

What is the primary resistance factor against B-lactams in gram - bacteria?

A

Mutations in pore sizes prevents the entry of B-lactams

31
Q

What are the two Glycopeptide Abx from lecture?

A

Vancomycin

Teicoplanin

32
Q

What is the first line Rx against MRSA?

A

Vanomycin

33
Q

How is vancomycin typically administered? What is the exception?

A

IV: It has a low oral availability

The exception is C. difficile colitis

34
Q

What Abx causes red man syndrome?

A

Vancomycin

35
Q

What is the site of action of Vancomycin?

A

Bind D-Ala-D-Ala tail of NAM –> preventing cross linking of cell wall

36
Q

What are the adverse effect advantages of Teicoplanin over Vancomycin?

A

Less histamine release (red man)
Less nephrotoxicity
No ototoxicity

37
Q

What is the MoA of Daptomycin?

A

Bind intracellular ion channels and promote ion leakage.

38
Q

What is first line treatment for Acinetobacter?

A

Polymixin B

39
Q

What is the MoA of Polymixins?

A

Disruption of membranes (G -)

Multisystem Midterm (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions