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Medicine year 1 > Cardiovascular anatomy > Flashcards

Cardiovascular anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What is the tunica adventitia made out of

A

Supporting connective tissue

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2
Q

What is the supply to large blood vessels known as

A

Vaso vasorum

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3
Q

How are meta arterioles different from other arterioles (2)

A

they terminate into capillaries
Smooth muscle is replaced by discontinuous contractile cells - pericytes

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4
Q

What are the three type of capillaries

A

fenestrated
Discontinuous
Continuous

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5
Q

Where do capillary networks drain

A

post-capillary venules

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6
Q

What are the three layers of the heart

A

endocardium
Myocardium
Epicardium

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7
Q

What is the endocardium composed of (4)

A

endothelium
Basal lamina
Collagen fibres (thin layer)
Dense connective tissue layer

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8
Q

What does the myocardium consist of (3)

A

bundles+layers of contractile cardiac muscle fibres
Surrounded by collagenous connective tissue
With capillary networks

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9
Q

What is epicardium composed of (4)

A

epithelium
Basal lamina
Fibroelastic connective tissue
Adipose tissue (some places)

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10
Q

What is the pericardium

A

A sac that surrounds and protects the heart

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11
Q

What are the two layers of the pericardium

A

fibrous
Serous

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12
Q

What are the two layers of the serous pericardium

A

Parietal serous pericardium
Visceral serous pericardium

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13
Q

What is the fibrous pericardium composed of

A

fibro-collagenous connective tissue

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14
Q

What is the serous pericardium composed of (3)

A

squamous epithelium
Basal lamina
Connective tissue

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15
Q

What does the skeleton of the heart consist of

A

thick bands of fibrous connective tissue

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16
Q

Where is the fibrous skeleton of the heart found (3)

A

heart valves
Between atria
Between ventricles

17
Q

Describe the core of the heart’s skeleton (3)

A

Known as the lamina fibrosa
Dense connective tissue
Continuous with the fibrous skeleton

18
Q

What are the atrioventricular valves anchored to and how

A

to papillary muscles
By collagenous strands (chordae tendineae)

19
Q

What are valves converted by

A

endothelium

20
Q

What are the three types of cardiac muscle cells

A

contractile cells
Pacemaker cells
Conducting cells

21
Q

Where are Purkinje fibres found

A

sub-endocardial layer

22
Q

What is notable about the way Purkinje fibres (2)

A

They have sparse actin and myosin filaments
They distribute excitatory activity in a way that means that ventricular contraction occurs from inferior to superior

23
Q
A

Medicine year 1 (10 decks)

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