Oral cavity diseases Flashcards
What are the types of mouth cancer (4)
squamous cell carcinoma
Salivary
Lymphoma
Metastatic cancer
What are examples of potentially malignant oral lesions (4)
white/red patches
Ulcers
Infuriated margins
Endophytic and exophytic lesions
What features are concerning for oral lesions (5)
Painless ulcers
Bone involvement
Spread to draining lymph nodes
Perineural spread
Vascular invasion
How can oral cancer be treated
Surgery and/or chemo radiotherapy
Give two example infections of the oral cavity
herpes simplex virus
Oral candidas
What are the different names given to infections of herpes simplex virus (3)
children: gingivomatits
Adults: pharyngitis
Immunocompromised patients: chronic mucocutaneous infection
What is the most common causative organism of herpes simplex virus
HSV 1
Describe the clinical presentation of herpes simplex virus (2)
Blisters filled with clear, serous fluid which can rupture
Becoming painful and shallow ulcers
After primary infection of herpes simplex virus, what happens
the virus becomes latent in epithelial cells and ganglia
What is the common name for oral candidiasis
thrush
Describe the clinical presentation of oral candidiasis
superficial grey/white inflammatory membrane containing candida and fibrinopurulent exudate
What is leukoplakia
a pre-malignant lesion of the oral cavity
Describe the clinical presentation of leukoplakia
Well demarcated white patches/plaques which cannot be scraped off
May be raised/corrugated/verrucous
What is leukoplakia a precursor for
squamous cell carcinoma
What regions can squamous cell carcinoma affect
Any head or neck region lines by stratified squamous epithelium
What are the types of squamous cell carcinoma (2)
classic/keratinised
HPV associated
Describe the clinical presentation of classic/keratinised squamous cell carcinoma
raised, firm, and pearly plaques
Usually preceded by pre-malignant lesions
Where are plaques found in classic/keratinised squamous cell carcinoma (5)
ventral dengue
Floor of mouth
Lower lip
Soft palate
Gingiva
Describe HPV associated squamous cell carcinoma (3)
small primary tumours that lack obvious surface mucosal lesions
Bulky cervical lymphadenopathy
Proliferation of nests and lobules
Where is HPV associated squamous cell carcinoma found (4)
Tonsils
Base of tongue
Soft palate
Pharynx
