Cardiac Sources of Emboli Stroke

Question 1

Most Thromboembolic Event Location

Answer 1

Cerebral, bc gets most blood

Question 2

Best Way to Image Clots/Emboli

Answer 2

Doppler/US/High Intensity Transient Signal (HITS)

Question 3

1 Stroke RF

Answer 3

HTN

Question 4

Major Cardiac RF for Stroke

Answer 4

Afib

Question 5

4 RFs Explaining why Afib Increasing Prevalence

Answer 5

Old age
HTN
DM
Obesity

Question 6

CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc Score (what it is and what they stand for)

Answer 6

AF stroke risk measurement:
CHF
HTN
Age > 75 (2)
DM
Stroke/systemic embolism history (2)
Vascular disease
Age 65-74
Sex category (female)
All 1 point unless noted

Question 7

Left Atrial Appendage

Answer 7

Blood stasis in there so most common site for intracardiac thrombus formation

Question 8

Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO)

Answer 8

Increase risk of brain infarcts probably (but recent study not statistically significant?) Don’t really repair, just focus on RFs

Question 9

Warfarin

Answer 9

Vitamin K antagonist which stops buncha different factors nonspecifically in coag cascade

Question 10

3 Oral Factor Xa inhibitors (better than Warfarin)

Answer 10

Abixaban
Rivaroxaban
Edoxaban

Question 11

1 Oral Direct Thrombin Inhibitor (better than Warfarin)

Answer 11

Dabigatran