Caesar's De Bello Gallico 1.1

Question 1

Gallia est omnis divisa in partes tres, quarum unam incolunt Belgae, aliam Aquitani, tertiam qui ipsorum linguā Celtae, nostrā Galli appellantur.

Answer 1

All Gaul is divided into three parts, one of which the Belgae inhabit, another the Aquitani, the third who are called the Celts in their own language, Gauls in our language.

Question 2

Hi omnes linguā, institutīs, legibus inter se differunt.

Answer 2

These all differ amongst themselves in language, institutions and laws.

Question 3

Gallos ab Aquitanīs Garumna flumen, a Belgīs Magrona et Sequana dividit.

Answer 3

The Garumna river divides the Gauls from the Aquitani, the Matrona and Sequana from the Belgae.

Question 4

Horum omnium fortissimī sunt Belgae,

Answer 4

The bravest of all of these are the Belgae,

Question 5

propterea quod a cultū atque humanitate provinciae longissimē absunt,

Answer 5

because they are distant by the farthest from the culture and humanity of the province,

Question 6

minimeque ad eos mercatores saepe commeant atque ea quae ad effeminandos animos pertinent important,

Answer 6

and least often do merchants visit to them and import those things which pertain to weakening minds,

Question 7

proximique sunt Germanīs,

Answer 7

and they are nearest to the Germans,

Question 8

qui trans Rhenum incolunt,

Answer 8

who inhabit across the Rhine,

Question 9

quibuscum continenter bellum gerunt.

Answer 9

with who they continually wage war.

Question 10

Quā de causā Helvetii quoque reliquos Gallos virtute praecedunt,

Answer 10

For this reason the Helvetians also stand before the rest of the Gauls in courage,

Question 11

quod fere cotidianīs proeliīs cum Germanīs contendunt,

Answer 11

because almost in daily battles they fight with the Germans,

Question 12

cum aut suīs finibus eos prohibent aut ipsī in eorum finibus bellum gerunt.

Answer 12

when either they prevent them from their own territories or they themselves wage war in their territories.

Question 13

Eorum una pars, quam Gallos obtinēre dictum est, initium capit a flumine Rhodanō,

Answer 13

One part of them, which it has been said that the Gauls possess, takes its beginning from the Rhone River,

Question 14

continetur Garumnā flumine, Oceano, finibus Belgarum,

Answer 14

is held by the Garumna River, by the Ocean, by the territories of the Belgae,

Question 15

attingit etiam ab Sequanīs Helvetiīs flumen Rhenum, vergit ad septentriones.

Answer 15

also it touches the Rhine River from the Sequani and Helvetii, and is situated toward the seven plough oxen.

Question 16

Belgae ab extremīs Galliae finibus oriuntur,

Answer 16

The Belgae begin from the farthest territories of Gaul,

Question 17

pertinent ad inferiorem partem fluminis Rheni,

Answer 17

they reach to the lower part of the Rhine River,

Question 18

spectant in septentrionem et orientem solem.

Answer 18

they look at into the North and the rising sun.

Question 19

Aquitania a Garumnā flumine ad Pyrenaeos montes et eam partem Oceani quae est ad Hispaniam pertinet;

Answer 19

Aquitania stretches from the Garumna River and the Pyrenees Mountains and that part of the Ocean which is near Spain;

Question 20

spectat inter occasum solis et septentriones.

Answer 20

it looks at between the setting of the sun and the North.