C. 26-7 wor-def (Seq)(Pep)

Question 1

The Big Three

Answer 1

In World War II, the three great Allied powers—Great Britain, the United States, and the Soviet Union

Question 2

John Maynard Keynes

Answer 2

regarded as the founder of modern macroeconomics. His most famous work, The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money, was published in 1936.

Question 3

Gustav Stresemann

Answer 3

a German statesman who served as chancellor in 1923 and as foreign minister from 1923 to 1929, during the Weimar Republic

Question 4

Franklin Delano Roosevelt

Answer 4

an American statesman and political leader who served as the 32nd president of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945 (WWII)

Question 5

Benito Mussolini

Answer 5

an Italian nationalist and the founder of Italian Fascism. He ruled Italy from 1922–1925 as Prime Minister, and from 1925–1943 as il Duce, the Fascist dictator. Mussolini’s Fascist takeover of Italy was an inspiration and example for Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party in Germany.

Question 6

Black Shirts

Answer 6

a paramilitary group in Italy. They were the main militant arm of the National Fascist Party, a radical nationalist political organization that called for the establishment of a new Italian empire by conquest.

Question 7

Joseph Stalin

Answer 7

a Soviet politician, political theorist, and revolutionary who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until his death in 1953. He held power as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union.

Question 8

Kulaks

Answer 8

a peasant in Russia wealthy enough to own a farm and hire labor. Emerging after the emancipation of serfs in the 19th century the kulaks resisted Stalin’s forced collectivization, but millions were arrested, exiled, or killed.

Question 9

Adolf Hitler

Answer 9

an Austrian-born German politician who was the dictator of Germany from 1933 until his suicide in 1945. He rose to power as the leader of the Nazi Party, becoming the chancellor in 1933 and then taking the title of Führer und Reichskanzler in 1934

Question 10

Nazis (National Socialists)

Answer 10

German political movement led by Adolf Hitler

Question 11

Heinrich Himmler

Answer 11

Reichsführer of the Schutzstaffel, and a leading member of the Nazi Party of Germany. He was one of the most powerful men in Nazi Germany and a main architect of the Holocaust

Question 12

Joseph Goebbels

Answer 12

the Nazi minister of propaganda under Adolf Hitler. He was instrumental in convincing the German people to support the Nazi regime and maintained their support during World War II.

Question 13

Francisco Franco

Answer 13

ruled over Spain from 1939 until his death. He rose to power during the bloody Spanish Civil War when, with the help of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy, his Nationalist forces overthrew the democratically elected Second Republic

Question 14

Arthur Neville Chamberlain

Answer 14

prime minister of the United Kingdom from 1937 to 1940. He is best known for his role in the Munich Agreement of 1938 which ceded parts of Czechoslovakia to Hitler and is now the most popular example of the foreign policy known as appeasement.

Question 15

The SS Corps

Answer 15

abbreviation of Schutzstaffel (German: “Protective Echelon”), the black-uniformed elite corps and self-described “political soldiers” of the Nazi Party

Question 16

Winston Churchill

Answer 16

an inspirational statesman, writer, orator and leader who led Britain to victory in the Second World War. He served as Conservative Prime Minister twice - from 1940 to 1945 (before being defeated in the 1945 general election by the Labour leader Clement Attlee) and from 1951 to 1955.

Question 17

General Dwight D. Eisenhower

Answer 17

an American military officer and statesman who served as the 34th president of the United States from 1953 to 1961. During World War II, he served as Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force in Europe and achieved the five-star rank as General of the Army.