C. 12 wor-def (Ren)

Question 1

Humanism

Answer 1

A program of study designed by Italians that emphasized the critical study of Latin and Greek literature with the goal of understanding human nature.

Question 2

Christian Humanism

Answer 2

Northern humanists who interpreted Italian ideas about and attitudes toward classical antiquity and humanism in terms of their own religious traditions.

Question 3

Patronage

Answer 3

Financial support of writers and artists by cities, groups, and individuals, often to produce specific works or works in specific styles.

Question 4

Signori

Answer 4

Government by one-man rule in Italian cities such as Milan; also refers to these rulers.

Question 5

Oligarchy

Answer 5

A small group of people having control of a country, org, or institution

Question 6

Renaissance

Answer 6

A French word meaning “rebirth,” used to describe the rebirth of the culture of classical antiquity in Italy during the fourteenth to sixteenth centuries.

Question 7

The Medici Family

Answer 7

an Italian banking family and political dynasty that first consolidated power in the Republic of Florence during the first half of the 15th century.

Question 8

Niccolo Machiavelli

Answer 8

an Italian diplomat, author, philosopher and historian who lived during the Renaissance. He is best known for his political treatise The Prince, written around 1513 but not published until 1532.

Question 9

Sir Thomas More

Answer 9

an English lawyer, judge, social philosopher, author, statesman, and noted Renaissance humanist. He also served Henry VIII as Lord High Chancellor of England from October 1529 to May 1532.

Question 10

Filippo Brunelleschi

Answer 10

considered to be a founding father of Renaissance architecture, was an Italian architect, designer, goldsmith and sculptor, and is now recognized to be the first modern engineer, planner, and sole construction supervisor.

Question 11

Ferdinand and Isabella

Answer 11

The Catholic Monarchs whose marriage and joint rule marked the de facto unification of Spain.

Question 12

“The Courtier”

Answer 12

The book provides a fascinating insight into Renaissance court life, and was the ultimate ‘how to’ guide for aspiring courtiers. The Renaissance court consisted of a ruler’s retinue of servants, advisors, nobles and foreign dignitaries.

Question 13

Leonardo da Vinci

Answer 13

an Italian polymath of the High Renaissance who was active as a painter, draughtsman, engineer, scientist, theorist, sculptor, and architect.

Question 14

Petrach

Answer 14

a scholar and poet of early Renaissance Italy, and one of the earliest humanists. Cicero’s letters are often credited with initiating the 14th-century Italian Renaissance and the founding of Renaissance humanism.