C. 22. Boilers

Question 0

When shall the PIM inspect and test a boiler?

Answer 0

22.8.1 The Principal Inspector of Mines shall inspect and test every boiler before it is commissioned after it has been installed for the first time or any subsequent time, or after it has been out of commission for more than one year, or after major repairs have been affected to it, and he may carry out periodic inspections and tests on any boiler: Provided that whenever the Principal Inspector of Mines intends inspecting a boiler he shall notify the manager of the date and time of the intended inspection or test.

Question 1

When may a boiler be used?

Answer 1

22.1.1 No boiler shall be used unless a prescribed permit for its use has been issued by the Principal Inspector of Mines.

Question 2

How shall every safety valve be constructed?

Answer 2

22. 16.1 Every safety valve shall be constructed so that the valve can be freed easily from its seat at any time an provision shall be made to prevent the valve from flying off should the spring or lever break or should the load on the valve be removed suddenly by accident or other cause.
23. 16.2 Every safety valve loaded by a weight or spring acting on a lever shall be constructed so that the load acts only upon the extreme end of the lever and such load shall be secured to the lever. Where a safety valve is loaded directly by a spring, every compression adjusting screw shall abut against a metal stop or washer when the spring is at the working-load compression.

Question 3

What must happen when a boiler have been out of use for 12 months?

Answer 3

22.1.2 Boilers which have been out of use for 12 months shall not be used again before permission is obtained from the Principal Inspector of Mines.

Question 4

When shall a boiler be used?

Answer 4

22. 2 No boiler shall be used unless-
    22. 2.1 it is constructed in accordance with a code of practice approved by the Chief Inspector, or, where an approved code does not exist for any particular boiler, the construction of the boiler is approved by the Chief Inspector;
    22. 2.2 it has been manufactured under the supervision of an inspecting authority approved by the Chief Inspector;
    22. 2.3 it complies with the provisions of these regulations; and
    22. 2.4 it is maintained in a safe working condition at all times.

Question 5

What must the manager of a mine or works who intends to erect or use a boiler do?

Answer 5

22. 3.1 The manager of a mine or works who intends to erect or use a boiler shall apply in writing to the Principal Inspector of Mines on the form obtainable from him.
23. 3.2 For every new boiler the application shall be accompanied by-
    (a) the manufacturer’s complete specification on the form for this purpose;
    (b) legible, dimensioned drawings of the complete boiler showing details of the plating, riveting and welding;
    (c) drawings showing the boiler house, if any, in plan and elevation and the position of the boiler; and
    (d) a certificate issued by an inspecting authority incorporating the following information-
    (i) that the authority is satisfied that the boiler is constructed in accordance with the specified code;
    (ii) results of the physical and chemical tests carried out on the material used in construction;
    (iii) details of the heat treatment; and
    (iv) details of the hydraulic tests witnessed by the inspecting authority.

Question 6

When may the PIM issue a permit?

Answer 6

22. 4.1 On receipt of the application to erect or use a boiler, the Principal Inspector of Mines-
    (a) may issue a provisional permit subject to the conditions and for the period he may determine; or
    (b) if he is satisfied as a result of inspection and hydraulic test that the boiler is safe to use and that the provisions of these regulations have been complied with, may issue a permit subject to the conditions he may specify.

Question 7

When shall the permit cease to be valid?

Answer 7

22.4.3 The permit issued in terms of regulation 22.4.1 shall cease to be valid on transfer of ownership of a boiler or in the case of a stationary boiler when the boiler is moved from existing site.

Question 8

Who shall provide the manager with a boiler inspection register and where shall it be kept and what happens when it is lost?

Answer 8

22. 5.1 The Principal Inspector of Mines shall provide the manager with a boiler inspection register for each boiler, in which the regional mining engineer (mining equipment) shall record the result of each of his inspections and hydraulic tests.
23. 5.2 The manager shall keep this register in a safe place at the mine of works.
24. 5.3 If any register is lost, defaced or destroyed, or if the permit contained in the register is defaced or destroyed, the manager shall apply in writing to the Principal Inspector of Mines for the issue of a duplicate register and permit. The application shall have affixed to it uncancelled revenue stamps to the value of R2,00.

Question 9

Who shall provide the boiler logbook?

Answer 9

22.5.4 The manager of a mine or works shall provide a log book for each boiler in which shall be entered without delay the dates on which such boiler was cleaned, examined or tested and the condition of the boiler at this examination or test, together with a full report of any alterations or repairs carried out at any time. Each entry in the book shall be made and signed by the person who conducted the examination or test or who performed the alteration or repair and shall be countersigned by the person appointed in terms of regulations 2.13.1, 2.13.2 or 2.13.3 if such entry was not made by him.

Question 10

What shall the manager of a mine or works who disposes of a boiler or ceases permanently to use a boiler do?

Answer 10

22.5.5 If the manager of a mine or works disposes of a boiler or ceases permanently to use a boiler, he shall immediately return the Boiler Inspection Register containing the permit and the log book referred to in regulation 22.5.4 to the Principal Inspector of Mines.

Question 11

What shall be stamped on every new boiler?

Answer 11

22.6.1 Every new boiler shall have stamped on the shell , the name of the manufacturer, the factory number, the year of manufacture and the intended maximum working gauge pressure in terms of Pascals.

Question 12

Where shall the PIM stamp his official stamp?

Answer 12

22.6.2 Every boiler shall be provided with a soft copper plate, 100 millimetres by 60 millimetres in size by 3 millimetres thick, which shall be fixed by means of 4 copper rivets, 10 millimetres in diameter, to the front of the boiler shell and in a position so that it can be readily be seen at all times. The rivet holes in this plate shall be countersunk so that the river heads are flush with the copper plate. The Principal Inspector of Mines shall stamp on this plate in a clear manner the official number, the year when the boiler was first inspected and the authorised working gauge pressure. The copper rivet heads shall be stamped by the Principal Inspector of Mines with the official stamp. The copper plate shall not be removed and the record stamped thereon shall not be defaced or altered except by the Principal Inspector of Mines.

Question 13

How shall every boiler be erected?

Answer 13

22. 7.1 Every boiler shall be erected so as to facilitate access to all chambers, flues, inspection openings and fittings and a clear space of not less than one metre to the nearest wall or structure shall be left around it. This space may be reduced by not more than 150 millimetres by lagging or encasement.
23. 7.2 The provision of the one metre clearance required in regulation 22.7.1, shall not apply to a boiler where masonry constitutes an integral part of the boiler.
24. 7.3 The highest point of any fitting on top of every boiler shall be at a distance of not less than one metre from the ceiling or the underside of the lowest portion of the roof structure.
25. 7.4 Access to every boiler shall be unobstructed.
26. 7.5 No stationary boiler shall be used in a position other than that in which it was situated when the permit was issued.
27. 7.6 The manager shall notify the Principal Inspector of Mines in writing if he intends moving a stationary boiler.

Question 14

What shall the manger upon receipt of notification from the PIM for an inspection do?

Answer 14

22. 8.2 The manger shall upon receipt of such notification cause all parts of the boiler to be thoroughly cleaned and prepared for inspection or test in accordance with the instructions.
23. 8.3 When the inspection or test of a boiler cannot be properly executed, the whole or parts of the masonry or casing shall be removed when required by the Principal Inspector of Mines.

Question 15

What does the regulation stipulate about a boiler being encased by masonry or other material?

Answer 15

22. 8.4 No boiler shall be encased by masonry or other material before it has been inspected or tested by the Principal Inspector of Mines except with his written permission.
23. 8.5 Whenever the masonry or casing of any boiler in use has been removed either for the purpose of renewal or for repairs to the boiler, and the stoppage of work occasioned thereby provides sufficient time for an external inspection or a hydraulic test of the boiler, the masonry or casing shall not be placed without the written permission of the Principal Inspector of Mines.

Question 16

What must happen when any boiler is being emptied and opened for cleaning, repairs or for any other purpose?

Answer 16

22. 8.6 When any boiler is being emptied and opened for cleaning, repairs or for any other purpose, every precaution shall be taken to ensure the safety of every person employed on this work or who may be in the vicinity.
23. 8.7 No person shall be permitted to enter any boiler or flue unless the person in charge has satisfied himself that it is safe to do so and that every steam-stop, feed, blow-off and every other valve or cock which may be a source of danger is blanked off.

If any valve. Or cock cannot be blanked off, it shall be closed and fastened securely by means of a chain and lock. While the boiler is being cleaned or repaired, no person shall interfere with or open any valve or cock which has been fastened and locked.

Question 17

May a portable electric lamp be used during cleaning, repair or inspection of any boiler?

Answer 17

22.8.8 Where a portable electric lamp is used during cleaning, repair or inspection of any boiler, the operating voltage of such lamp shall not exceed 32 volts.

Question 18

May water be used on hot flue dust or ash?

Answer 18

22.8.9 No water shall be used on hot flue dust or ash where danger may arise therefrom.

Question 19

What does the regulation stipulate about the hydraulic test pressure?

Answer 19

22. 8.10 The hydraulic test pressure-
    (a) for a boiler having an authorised working gauge pressure not exceeding 500 kilopascals shall be double the authorised working gauge pressure, and
    (b) for a boiler having an authorised working gauge pressure exceeding 500 kilopascals shall be 1,2 times the authorised working gauge pressure plus 400 kilopascals.

Question 20

When shall the hydraulic pressure be regarded as satisfactory?

Answer 20

22.8.11 When the hydraulic test is performed in the presence of the Principal Inspector of Mines it shall be regarded as satisfactory if the boiler has withstood the test pressure to his satisfaction.

Question 21

What shall the manager place, free of charge, at the disposal of the Principal Inspector of Mines when carrying out his test?

Answer 21

22.8.12 The manager shall place, free of charge, at the disposal of the Principal Inspector of Mines, workmen, tools and any other equipment which may be required for the purpose of carrying out the inspection or test.

Question 22

When shall the manager be guilty of an offence?

Answer 22

22.8.13 Any manager who fails without good reason to have any boiler prepared for inspection or test on the date and at the time notified or who fails to provide the necessary facilities for the inspection or test shall be guilty of an offence. The manager shall then apply in writing to the Principal Inspector of Mines within 7 day of the date on which the inspection or test should have taken place for a new date to be specified for the inspection or test and shall affix uncancelled revenue stamps to the value of R10 to his application.

Question 23

when shall a person appointed in terms of regulations 2.13.1, 2.13.2 or 2.13.3 in charge of a boiler be inspected and tested?

Answer 23

22. 8.14.1 Every boiler under the charge of a person appointed in terms of regulations 2.13.1, 2.13.2 or 2.13.3 shall be inspected and tested by him at least once in each year, at intervals not exceeding 15 months: Provided that the Principal Inspector of Mines may require more frequent inspection or tests, or may extend the period of such intervals on written application by the manager.
23. 8.14.2 The inspection shall consist of a careful examination of the external and internal surfaces of the boiler and of all fittings and appurtenances.
24. 8.14.3 The test shall consist of a pressure test by water to the pressure prescribed in regulation 22.8.10.

Question 24

How shall the authorised gauge working pressure of a boiler be determined?

Answer 24

22. 9.1 The authorised gauge working pressure of a boiler shall be that determined by the Principal Inspector of Mines and the boiler shall not be operated at a higher pressure.
23. 9.2 When it appears from an inspection or test that a boiler can no longer be operated with safety at the authorised working gauge pressure, the Principal Inspector of Mines may fix a new authorised pressure at which the boiler may continue to be operated an he shall mark the new pressure on the copper plate provided for this purpose and the boiler shall not be operated at a higher pressure.
24. 9.3 When at an inspection any boiler is found to be in a condition which holds immediate danger, the Principal Inspector of Mines shall order the operation of the boiler to be suspended and the boiler shall not be used until repairs have been carried out to his satisfaction.

Question 25

When shall the manager notify the Principal Inspector of Mines in writing?

Answer 25

22. 10.1 The manager shall notify the Principal Inspector of Mines in writing when-
    (a) he acquires a boiler;
    (b) a boiler is damaged;
    (c) he proposes effecting important repairs to a boiler, such as general re-tubing, renewal of any new furnace or flue, fixing of any plate or patch and changing of any stay and he shall furnish details and the drawings that may be necessary for any proposed repair;
    (d) he ceases permanently to use a boiler; and
    (e) he transfers the ownership of a boiler and shall give the name and address of the new owner.
23. 10.2 No person shall effect any important repair to any boiler without the prior approval of the Principal Inspector of Mines.
24. 10.3 The person appointed in terms of regulation 2.13.1, 2.13.2 or 2.13.3 shall notify the Principal Inspector of Mines at least seven days in advance of the date and time he intends to perform the inspection and test prescribed in regulation 22.8.14.1.

Question 26

What shall the lowest working level for the liquid for any boiler be?

Answer 26

22.11.1 The lowest working level for the liquid for any stationary boiler shall be at least 75 millimetres above the highest part of the flues passing round or through the boiler, and for any portable boiler and any boiler of a locomotive or loco-mobile such level shall be of sufficient height above the fire line that even with oscillation of the boiler, the highest part of the surface reached by the fire and heated gases remains covered by liquid.

Question 27

What may happen where it is impossible for plating to become overheated?

Answer 27

22.11.2 Where it is impossible for plating to become overheated, the Principal Inspector of Mines may approve of portions of the steam, vapour or gas space of a boiler being overlapped by the flues.

Question 28

What does the regulation stipulate about liquid level gauges?

Answer 28

22. 11.3.1 Subject to the provisions of regulations 22.11.3.4 and 22.3.8, every boiler shall be fitted with at least 2 glass liquid level gauges, with proper blow-through cocks or valves, for ascertaining the true level of the liquid in the boiler. Where any liquid-gauge cock or valve is not attached directly to the shell of the boiler but to a stand pipe or column, a cock or a valve shall be fitted between the boiler and the stand pipe or column if the connecting pipe is of a diameter less than 50 millimetres or if it is longer than one metre: Provided that the Principal Inspector of Mines may approve of any other reliable means for ascertaining the level of the liquid in the boiler.
23. 11.3.2 Any connecting pipe between the boiler and the stand pipe or column may be of a diameter less than 50 millimetres in any part or may be longer than one metre and may be attached to the boiler without the intervention of a cock or a valve, provided that the arrangement is otherwise satisfactory and provided further that there is no difficulty in keeping the passage at the end clear and in ascertaining that it is clear. For the latter purpose, the passage in the part of the stand pipe or column between the top and bottom gauge-glass cocks shall be cut off or closed which may be done permanently or by the insertion of a cock in this part.
24. 11.3.3 Every blow-through cock or valve shall be provided with a tail pipe arranged to discharge so that the safety of any person will not be endangered.
25. 11.3.4 One liquid level gauge shall be sufficient for any boiler with a total capacity or less than 1oo litres.
26. 11.3.5 The fixed lowest liquid level shall be indicated by a conspicuous mark on the liquid level gauge as well as on the boiler shell or masonry.
27. 11.3.6 Every liquid level gauge of the tubular glass type shall be provided with an efficient guard which shall not obstruct the reading of the gauge.
28. 11.3.7 Every liquid level gauge shall be situated and illuminated so that the level of the liquid in the boiler can be readily observed from the operating floor of the boiler at all times.
29. 11.3.8 Notwithstanding the provisions of regulations 22.11.3.1 or 22.11.3.4, a liquid level gauge is not required of any fuel or electrically heated boiler where at least 2 independent means are provided for automatically isolating the source of heat should there be a deficiency of liquid.

Question 29

What does the regulation stipulate about liquid feed requirements?

Answer 29

22.12.1 Every boiler which has a total capacity of 100 litres or more shall be provided with at least 2 reliable apparatuses, each of which shall be capable of adequately supplying the liquid feed requirements of the boiler under all operating conditions, provided that where more than 2 feeding apparatuses are provided, such feeding apparatuses shall be of sufficient size in the aggregate to supply all the feed requirements should any one such feeding apparatus fail to operate. One of these feeding apparatuses shall be either a power pump or an injector. These feeding apparatuses shall be independent of each other, except that when a separate feed discharge stop valve is fitted to each pump or inspector one feed delivery pipe shall be considered to be sufficient. Two or more boilers combined for joint working shall be considered to be one for the purpose of this regulation.

Question 30

What does the regulation stipulate about steam feed requirements?

Answer 30

22.12.2 Where the feeding apparatus consists of a steam driven pump, the steam supply to the pump shall be by means of a separate supply pipe from the boiler. Every such steam supply pipe shall be provided with a stop valve as close as practicable to the boiler. Where the source of steam supply to the feeding apparatus can be from more than one boiler, a non-return valve shall be placed adjacent to the stop valve and between the stop valve and the feeding apparatus.

Question 31

When may o e one feeding apparatus be used?

Answer 31

22. 12.3.1 Every boiler with a total capacity or less than 100 litres, shall be provided with at least one feeding apparatus.
23. 12.3.2 One feed pump shall be considered to be sufficient for any oil, gas or electrically heated boiler where a means is provided for automatically isolating the source of heat should there be a deficiency of liquid.
24. 12.3.3 In any boiler in which the product of the authorised working gauge pressure in kilopascals and the evaporative capacity in kilograms per hour, does not exceed 125000, one feeding apparatus may consist of a hand-operated pump, provided that it is of adequate capacity to supply the boiler with liquid.

Question 32

When shall the provisions of regulations 22.12.1, 22.12.2 and 22.12.3 not apply?

Answer 32

22.12.4 The provisions of regulations 22.12.1, 22.12.2 and 22.12.3 shall not apply to a separately-fired superheater. (Liquid feed, steam feed and one feed)

Question 33

What shall the point where the feed delivery pipe enters the boiler be provided with?

Answer 33

22.12.5 The point where the feed delivery pipe enters the boiler shall be provided with a self-acting, non-return valve and a stop cock or a wheel valve. The stop cock or the wheel valve shall be placed between the non-return valve and the boiler. Where the feed delivery pipes are duplicated and provided with an inter-connecting valve arrangement, the Principal Inspector of Mines may permit the use of a combined stop and non-return valve on each feed pipe.

Question 34

What shall the freed supply of liquid to any boiler through an economiser which is not an integral part of the boiler be provided with?

Answer 34

22. 13 Where the freed supply of liquid to any boiler through an economiser which is not an integral part of the boiler-
    (a) the economiser flue shall be fitted with a damper and a by-pass flue; and
    (b) an alternative direct feed from the feeding apparatus shall be provided by the boiler.

Question 35

How shall the deficiency of liquid be made known?

Answer 35

22. 14.1 Every boiler, other than an economiser and a separately fired superheater, shall be provided with a contrivance by which the deficiency of liquid is made known automatically and independently of any personal observation. The contrivance may be either a whistle operated by a float or other means, or any other contrivance approved by the Principal Inspector of Mines.
23. 14.2 Notwithstanding the provisions of regulation 22.14.1, every fuel or electrically heated boiler shall either have a low-liquid alarm other than a fusible plug or be provided with a means for automatically isolating the source of heat should there be deficiency of liquid.

Question 36

What does the regulation stipulate about safety valves?

Answer 36

22. 15.1 Subject to the provisions of regulation 22.15.4, every boiler shall be provided with at least 2 reliable safety valves. Each valve shall be loaded so that it will open at or below the authorised working gauge pressure. The aggregate area of opening of the valves for the discharge of steam, vapour or gas shall be sufficient to prevent the pressure rising in excess of 10 percent above the authorised working gauge pressure, should any one of the safety valves fail to operate.
23. 15.2 Every safety valve shall be attached as close as possible to the main steam, vapour or gas space of the boiler without any intervening stop valve.
24. 15.3 At least one of the safety valves shall be locked and shall be accessible only the person in control. The locked valve or valves shall have an area not less than and shall open at a pressure not greater than any valve not locked.
25. 15.4 One safety valve, which shall be locked and which shall be accessible only to the person in control, shall be sufficient-
    (a) for any boiler with a total capacity of less than 100 litres;
    (b) for any economiser and any separately-fired superheater which can be shut off from the boiler; and
    (c) for any oil, gas or electrically heated boiler where a means is provided for automatically isolating the source of heat should the pressure rise above that at which the safety valve is loaded to open.
26. 15.5 No undue weight shall be placed on a safety valve of any boiler nor shall the load on any safety valve be increased in a way which will prevent the safety valve opening at the authorised working gauge pressure.

Question 37

When shall one safety valve, which shall be locked and which shall be accessible only to the person in control, be sufficient?

Answer 37

22. 15.4 One safety valve, which shall be locked and which shall be accessible only to the person in control, shall be sufficient-
    (a) for any boiler with a total capacity of less than 100 litres;
    (b) for any economiser and any separately-fired superheater which can be shut off from the boiler; and
    (c) for any oil, gas or electrically heated boiler where a means is provided for automatically isolating the source of heat should the pressure rise above that at which the safety valve is loaded to open.

Question 38

What does the regulation stipulate about a main stop valve?

Answer 38

22. 17.1 Every boiler shall be provided with a main stop valve at the discharge outlet and as close as practicable to the boiler.
23. 17.2 If more than one boiler is connected to a common main, a self-acting non-return valve shall be placed between each boiler and the common main.
24. 17.3 Steam, vapour or gas required for any purpose other than for the operation of the boiler auxiliary apparatus shall be drawn only through the main stop valve.

Question 39

Of what metal shall every safety valve and every valve at any discharge outlet, its component parts and its connection to the boiler be constructed of?

Answer 39

22.18 Every safety valve and every valve at any discharge outlet, its component parts and its connection to the boiler shall be constructed of a metal approved by the Principal Inspector of Mines: Provided that cast iron shall not be approved for any such valve, its component parts and its connection to a boiler which has an authorised working gauge pressure exceeding 1 megapascal.

Question 40

What does the regulation stipulate about a blow-off cock or valve?

Answer 40

22. 191 Every boiler shall be provided with at least one blow-off cock or valve connected by a flange direct or by means of a flanged pipe to its lowest point.
23. 19.2 Every blow-off cock or valve, its component parts and its connection to the boiler shall be constructed of a metal, other than cast iron, approved by the Principal Inspector of Mines.
24. 19.3 Where any connecting pipe is fitted between the blow-off cock or valve and the boiler, the pipe shall not be in contact with any masonry; it shall be joined by flanges, and, if the flange is not solid with the pipe or welded to the pipe, the pipe shall pass through the flange and shall be riveted over on the inside in addition to any other connection between the flange and the pipe, such as screw threads or rivets; where the authorised working range pressure is in excess of 3 megapascals, every flange shall be welded on and the welding shall be stress-relieved.
25. 19.4 Every key for operating a blow-off cock or valve shall be removed when the blow-off cock or valve is fully closed.
26. 19.5 The discharge from blow-off cocks or valves of 2 or more boilers shall not lead into a common pipe except with the written permission of the Principal Inspector of Mines.
27. 19.6 The discharge from every blow-off cock or valve shall be conducted by means of a pipe into an open or suitably vented tank, drain or sump which is situated and guarded so as to prevent danger to any person. The blow-down pipe shall be graded so that the liquid will flow freely to the tank.

Question 41

Where shall at least one reliable pressure gauge be connected and what shall be displayed on the gauge?

Answer 41

22. 20.1 Every boiler shall be provided with at least one reliable pressure gauge which shall be connected to that part of the boiler where the highest vapour pressure occurs. The dial of the gauge shall be graduated to show pressure in terms of Pascal and the maximum pressure which the gauge shall be capable of registering shall not be less than the hydraulic test pressure as defined in regulation 22.8.10 and not more than double the authorised working gauge pressure. The authorised working gauge pressure shall be clearly marked with a red line on the dial of the gauge. The gauge shall be situated and the dial illuminated so that the working pressure can be read distinctly from the operating floor of the boiler at all times.
23. 20.2 Every pressure gauge shall have a separate direct connection with the boiler. Where a pressure gauge is attached directly to the shell or drum of the boiler the connection shall be by means of a u-pipe or equivalent device of sufficient capacity to keep the gauge tube filled with liquid. The pressure gauge shall be capable of being shut off from the boiler and the cock or valve for this purpose shall be in full view.

Question 42

What shall the boiler be provided with where the authorised working gauge pressure is 2.8 megapascals or less?

Answer 42

22. 21.1 Where the authorised working gauge pressure of any boiler is 2.8 megapascals or less there shall be provided a contrivance consisting of a cock with a flange 40 millimetres in diameter by five millimetres thick for the attachment of the set pressure gauge of the Principal Inspector of Mines.
23. 21.3 The contrivances required in terms of regulations 22.21.1 and 22.21.2 shall be situated so that the test gauge and the boiler gauge can be read from the same place.

Question 43

What shall any boiler be provided with when the authorised working gauge pressure is in excess of 2,8 megapascals?

Answer 43

22. 21.2 Where the authorised working gauge pressure of any boiler is in excess of 2,8 megapascals there shall be provided a contrivance consisting of a valve or a cock carrying in a vertical position a receiving socket for the attachment of the test pressure gauge of the Principal Inspector of Mines. The receiving socket shall be tapped with a 10 millimetre B.S. thread and shall be fitted with an easily removable screw plug.
23. 21.3 The contrivances required in terms of regulations 22.21.1 and 22.21.2 shall be situated so that the test gauge and the boiler gauge can be read from the same place.

Question 44

What does the regulation stipulate about inspection openings?

Answer 44

22. 22.1 Every boiler shall be provided where necessary with sufficient and suitable inspection openings situated so that all internal surfaces and seams may be readily cleaned and inspected: Provided that the Principal Inspector of Mines shall determine whether the number and size of inspection openings are sufficient.
23. 22.2 Every boiler where dimensions permit entry shall be provided with at least one man-hole of not less than 400 millimetres by 300 millimetres for an elliptical hole and not less than 400 millimetres in diameter for a circular hole, provided that where a boiler is fitted with a removable end or cover plate which is of sufficient size to permit entry , the boiler shall be deemed to comply with the provisions of this regulation.