Burgundy * Flashcards
How many subregions in Burgundy - name them
5
1 Chablis (with Grand Auxerrois and Chatellonnais)
2 Cote de Nuits
3 Cote de Beaune
4 Cote Challonais
5 Maconnais
Which need to know appelations are found in Chablis+ subregion
Chablis
Chablis Grand Cru
Petit Chablis
Saint-Bris
Irancy
Vezelay
Which are the need to know appelations in the Cote de Nuits sub-region
There are 9 grouped 2-1-3-1-2
Marsannay
Fixin
Gevrey-Chambertin
Morey St-Denis
Chambolle-Musigny
Vosne-Romanee
Vougeot
Nuit St George
Cote de Nuit St George
Which are the need to know appelations in the Cote de Beaune sub-region
There are 20 grouped
3-4-2-4-3-3-1
Ladoix
Aloxe-Corton
Pernand-Vergelesses
Chorey-les-Beaune
Savigny-les-Beaune
Beaune
Cotes de Beaune
Pommard
Volnay
Monthlie
Saint-Romain
Auxey-Duresses
Saint-Aubin
Meursault
Puligny Montrachet
Chassagne-Montrachet
Blagny
Santenay
Maranges
Cotes de Beaune Villages
Which are the need to know appellations of the Cote Challonais
Bouzeron
Rully
Mercurey
Givry
Montagny
Which are the need to know appellations of the Maconnais
Pouilly Fuisse
Saint Veran
Vire-Clesse
Why is Burgundy so tightly linked to the concept of terroir
Each vineyard parcel has been assessed for its ‘terroir’ combination of soil type and structure, aspect, micro-climate
What was the role of the Church in determining the concept of terroir
Monks of the middle ages assessed each vineyard site in Burgundy
What is the difference between a lieu-dit and a climat
Lieu dit=More Formal =parcel of line within a commune with a geographical or topographical characteristic (a cadastral unit used by geographers)
Climat=parcel of land associated with Premier or Grand Cru (vigneron’s notion of site). Climat=slope/incline
Explain why quality varies greatly midst one Grand Cru parcel
Many owners- different viticultural techniques
Many climats within a single Grand Cru
Who were the 4 main Dukes of Burgundy
Philippe the Bold: He Ruled from 1363 to 1404 and outlawed Gamay in an attempt to promote Pinot Noir.
John the Fearless: He Ruled from 1404 to 1419 and He was the appointed guardian of the future King of France and assassinated for being power-hungry.
Philippe the Good: He Ruled from 1419 to 1467 and captured Joan of Arc and surrendered her to the English. He also established the Hospices de Beaune, a charity hospital for common people.
Charles the Rash: He Ruled from 1467 to 1477 and died attempting to conquer Alsace and Lorraine.
What was the repercussion of King Louis-Philippe granting Gevery the right to append Chambertin to its name
Chambertin was Gevery’s most famous vineyard
Many other villages followed suit
Give examples of how the Napoleonic code impacted Burgundian wine industry
Vineyards have fragmented as a result of the law of equal inheritance among children laid down in the Napoleonic Code.
For example, the grand cru vineyard Clos de Vougeot, which was owned by the Cistercian monks until the late 18th century. It’s now broken up into more than 80 individually owned parcels, some comprising just a few rows of vines.
More growers have led to rise of negociants variable quality and investors
Give examples of how the French revolution has impacted the Burgundian wine industry
After the French Revolution in 1791, the vineyards were sold off, often split between several owners.
Few monopoles survived
Explain the reason for Burgundy’s shift in focus from red to white wine in the 1980s
Increasing world wide demand for white wine - increase Chablis and Maconnais
1986= 60% red
2019=60% white
Why does Burgundy, representing only 4.5% of France’s total wine production, rank as so important on global wine stage
Represents 21% of French wine revenue (still wines)
What is the general climate of Burgundy
Continental
How does the climate in Burgundy vary from North to South
Warmer as travel south
Oceanic influences in North
Mediterranean influences in South
How do the differing climatic influences impact the growing season
In South- eg Maconnais- budbreak and harvest is earlier (week for budbreak, several weeks for Harvest)
In North - eg Chablis and Le Grand Auxerrois enjoy a more semi-continental climate that is wetter, and are often susceptible to springtime frosts- Budbreak and harvest is later
What are the geological forces that formed the Bourgogne region
Jurassic period - area was sea
Later Alps formed, Bresse plain fell
Rift valley formed (graben) - of which Cote d’Or escarpment is part
Many subsequent faults and valleys formed by rivers surrounding
What are the two uplifts of the Saone Graben
Jura (to East)
Morvan uplands (to West) - part of Massif Central
How does vineyard location on the slope relate to wine quality
Top of slope=Stony, eroded (possibly too cold), steep, rainfall falls away too quickly
Bottom of slope = More clay, fertility, water, deep soils
Middle is perfect - also get best sun aspect
How does slope aspect relate to wine quality
Best are South, South East facing
Sun in morning and during day
Protection from westerly winds
Which are the primary grape varities of Burgundy
White=Chardonnay, Aligote
(plus some Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Blanc, Melon de Bourgogne and Sacy)
Red=Pinot Noir
(plus some Pinot Gris, Gamay and Cesar)
Where is Chardonnay generally planted
In soils with more limestone and less clay
Up at the top of a slope
(places where Pinot struggles to ripen)
Cotes de Beaune and Chablis
Where is Pinot Noir generally planted
In warmer soils calcareous soils
Iron or clay can give deeper wines
middle to bottom of slope
What types of wine can you get from Chardonnay
North - steely
South - ripe supple opulent peachy, nutty-buttery
Round rich mouth feel
Describe the characteristics of wine that you get from Pinot Noir
Fragrence, finesse, delicay
Strawberry soft summer fruits
From oak - vanilla, fondant
From aging - game, vegetal, damson, sweetness
List the chief viticultural hazards in Burgundy
Spring Frosts
Summer hailstorms
Rot (for thin skinned Pinot)
How do viticultural practices vary throughout the region
Handpicking and gentle ploughing in Cote d’Or- machine elsewhere
Dense planting in Cote d’Or
Single guyot system in Cote d’Or - cordon elsewhere
How is global warming impacting Burgundy
More organic/bio dynamic practices (at least lutte-raisonne)
Different clones
Drier and hotter
Earlier harvest
More extreme weather conditions
What is the role of the negociant in Burgundy
wine merchants who buy in grapes, must, or wine, blend different lots of wine within an appellation, and bottle the result under their own label.
So many individual growers produce tiny quantities from each of a number of different appellations that it can make sense to make up commercially more significant quantities and bottle them together. Many of the larger Burgundy négociants have significant vineyard holdings of their own.
What is the classification hierarchy of vineyard sites
1=Top=Grand Cru (32 vineyards). Chablis must include Chablis name otherwise just vineyard plot
2=Premier Cru (662 vineyards) - label must include Village AOC name as well as vineyard
3=Village AOCs (44)
4= Regional AOCs (7)
Describe wine styles within Chablis +
Chablis is 100% white chardonnay
Saint-Bris AOC is for Sauvignon Blanc
Irancy AOC is for reds from Pinot Noir
Vezelay AOC is for whites for Chardonnay
Chatillonais is not an AOC but makes Cremant de Bourgogne
Describe the wine styles within Cote de Nuits
All AOCs produce red from Pinot Noir and production is almost all red
Just red - (green camper van)
Geverey-Chambertin
Chambolle-Musigny
Vosnee Romanee
These AOCs have white from Chardonnay and Pinot Blanc as well
Marsannay (also Rose!!)
Fixin
Morey St Denis
Vougeot
Nuits dt George
Cote de Nuits-Villages
Describe the wine styles within the Cote de Beaune
All AOCs produce red from Pinot Noir and production is 2/3rds red and 1/3rd white
Just red (the red couple- and the 2 from the end - blue coats)
Pommard
Volnay
Blagny
Cotes de Beaune Villages
These have white from Chardonnay and Pinot Blanc as well
Aloxe-Corton
Pernand Vergeless
Chorey-les-Beane
Savigny-les-Beaune
Beaune
Cotes de Beaune
Monthelie
Saint-Romain
Auxury Duresses
Saint-Aubin
Meursault
Puligny-Montrachet
Chassagne-Montrachet
Santenay
Maranges
Describe the wine styles within the Cotes Chalonnais
Production is 60% red
Bouzeron AOC is for Aligote
Rully AOC is for Cremant 2/3rds, still white 2/9ths and still red 1/9th
Mercury and Givry AOCs are mostly still reds from Pinot Noir
Montagny AOC is for whites from Chardonnay
Describe the wine styles within the Maconnais
90% of the vineyards are Chardonnay
Pouilly-Fuisse and St-Veran AOCs are for still dry Chardonnay
Vire-Clesse AOC is known for late harvest semi-sweet wines
What are the wine-making options particular to Chablis
Fermented in stainless steel
Matured in stainless steel, concrete or neutral oak vats
What are the wine-making options particular to Cotes de Nuits/Pinot Noir
Whether to hand or machine harvest?
Whether to chaptalise/acidify?
Destem the grapes- wholly, partly, not at all? (more now de-stemming)
Whether to prolong maceration/cold soaking - 4/5 days?
Whether to use cultures or natural yeasts?
What temperature to ferment?
Whether to do pigeage (treading down cap) or pump over?
Length of aging
Aging vessel - 228 oak barrels
What are the wine-making options particular for the Cotes de Beaune for Chardonnay
Whether to press grapes
Amount of skin contact, left to settle, then Fermentation in oak 228 casks for up to a year (see barrel fermentation)?
Malolactic fermentation
Lees stirring? (battonage)
Define the term premox
white Bourgogne ages too quickly or becomes completely oxidized
What are the reasons for pre-mox
Certain clones,
fully ripe fruit,
Less use of sulphur and
Less bâtonnage
Inadequate corks
What are the 7 regional AOCs of Burgundy
Bourgogne AOC (with 13 DGCs)
Coteaux Bourgognian AOC
Macon AOC
Cremant de Bourgogne AOC
Bourgogne Mousseaux AOC
Bourgogne Aligote AOC
Bourgogne Passe-tous-Grains AOC
What are the grapes most likely to be used in Cremant de Bourgogne
Chardonnay
Pinot Blanc
Pinot Gris
Pinot Noir
Where is Cremant de Bourgogne likely to be made
Throughout but often cotes and Chalonnais and Chatillonais
What is the difference between Eminent and Grand Eminant Cremant de Bourgogne
Both have specifications regarding the production of the wine,
-amount of time they are aged on laths
The Crémant de Bourgogne Eminent denomination requires minimum ageing of 24 months
Crémant de Bourgogne Grand Eminent denomination is 36 months
PLUS 3 months after disgorgement
PLUS only Brut
PLUS >10% abv
PLUS only Chardonnay and Pinot Noir (can put Gamay in rose)
PLUS only first 75% of pressed juice
What are the hierarchial AOCs of Chablis
1 (Top) Chablis Grand Cru AOC
2 Chablis AOC- Premier Cru
3 Chablis AOC
4 Petit Chablis
What are the points to note for Chablis Grand Crus
One of 7 climats on single hill
Kimmeridgean marl
What are
Blanchots
Bougros
Les Clos
Grenouilles
Preuses
Valmur
Vaudesir
The 7 climats of Chablis Grand Cru
What is La Moutonne
Climat in Chablis that was not included as Grand Cru
What are the points for note for Chablis Premier Crus
Associated with 40 climats (17 umbrella groups)
Can use one of 10 villages on label
Kimmeridgeian marl
Near the River Serein
What are the points to note for Chablis AOC
Largest area - 65% of all Chablis wines
All near village of Chablis
Some slopes/some plains
Kimmeridgean marl
What are the points to note for Petit Chablis AOC
Covers all communes in Chablis
Portlandian marl
Hilltops or plains
Which are the need to know AOCs of Grand Auxerrois
Auxerrois is 60% white
Saint-Bris AOC is for Sauvignon Blanc
Irancy AOC is for reds from Pinot Noir
Vezelay AOC is for whites for Chardonnay
What are the need to know AOCs for Chatillonnais
Chatillonais is not an AOC but makes Cremant de Bourgogne
Name the AOCs of the Cote Chalonnaise
Production is 60% red
Bouzeron AOC is for Aligote
Rully AOC is for Cremant 2/3rds, still white 2/9ths and still red 1/9th
Mercury and Givry AOCs are mostly still reds from Pinot Noir
Montagny AOC is for whites from Chardonnay
Name the AOCs of the Maconnaise
90% of the vineyards are Chardonnay
Pouilly-Fuisse and St-Veran AOCs are for still dry Chardonnay
Macon AOc - which may have one of 26 DGCs or Villages appended (latter is for white only)
Vire-Clesse AOC is known for late harvest semi-sweet wines
What is the difference between Chalonnaise and Maconnaise areas
Maconnaise warmer (med influence)
Chalonnaise windier - less protection from winds
Maconnaise gently undulating- Cote Chalonnais is east facing slopes
Chalonnaise soils more limestone - Maconanais more sandy
What is the first cluster of AOCs in the Cote de Nuits
Marsannay and Fixin
Marsannay known for producing rose
Fixin - mostly reds
What does ‘Bad Boys Get Lovely Ladies Very Vocal’ mean
Grand Cru vineyards of Chablis
Bougros;
Blanchot;
Grenouilles;
Les Clos;
Les Preuses ;
Vaudésir;
Valmur
What does ‘Laughter and Playing can stop babies crying -
Pope V makes saints, and sinners make perfect children
- but Sting makes videos’
AOCs of Cote du Beaune
Laughing=Ladoix
And=Aloxe Corton
Playing=Pernand Vergelesse
Can=Chorey le Beaune
Stop=Savigny le Beaune
Babies=Beaune
Crying=Cote de Beaune
Pope = Pommard
V=Volnay
Makes=Monthelie
Saints=Saint Romain
And=Auxey Duresses
Sinners=Saint-Aubin
Make=Meursault
Perfect=Puligny Montrachet
Children=Chassagne Montrachet
But=Blagny
Sting=Santanay
Makes=Maranges
Videos=Villages
What does ‘Mr Flintoff, Give My Children Very Very Nice Vin’.
AOCs of Cotes de Nuits
Mr=Marsannay
Flintoff=Fixin
Give=Gevrey Chambertin
My=Morey St Denis
Children=Chambolle Musigny
Very=Vougeot
Very=Vosne-Romanee
Nice=Nuits St George
Vin=Villages
What does ‘Boozers Make really Good Martinis’ mean
AOCs of Cote Chalonnais
Boozers=Bouzeron
Make=Mercurey
Really =Rully
Good=Givrey
Martinis=Montagne
When can you see the grape variety on the label
It is only permitted on the labels of regional wines - not higher level wines
Gamay is only used in regional Burgundy appelations - True of False
False
Gamay is used in regional AOCs
Primary (with Pinot Noir) red grape in Macon
Sole red grape in Macon -DGCs
In which 3 AOCs is chardonnay not the principal white grape
Saint-Bris (Sauvignon Blanc/Gris)
Bouzeron (Aligote) and
Bourgogne Aligote
How much vineyard area is taken up by the 6 minor (not main 4) grape varieties - and name them
1%
Cesar (red found in Yonne and Irancy)
Pinot Gris (or Pinot Beurot is pink- found in Marsanny and Burgundy roses)
Pinot Blanc (found throughout)
Melon de Bourgogne (found in Burgundy Coteuax and Cremant)
Sacy (rare white found in Burgundy Coteuax and Cremant)
Sauvignon Blanc (and Gris found in Saint-Bris)
Which grape is 51% of plantings in Burgundy
Chardonnay
Which grape is 40% of plantings in Burgundy
Pinot Noir
Which are there more plantings of in Burgundy - Aligote or Gamay
Aligote= 6%
Gamay=2.5%
When was the first official mapping and classification of the Cote d’Or vineyards
1861
When were Burgundy’s boundaries first legally defined
1930
What is the quality pyramid for Burgundy AOCs
33 are Grand Cru AOCs=1%
662 are Premier Cru (part of village AOCs) =10%
44 are Village AOC=37%
7 are Regional AOC=52%
What grapes would you normally find in white or red regional Burgundy AOC
100% Chardonnay (white)
100% Pinot Noir (red)
Can both include Pinot Gris or Blanc or Cesar (if near Chablis)
What is minimum Gamay in a Bourgogne AOC Gamay and where can the grapes come from
85%
Grapes must come from Beaujolais Crus
How many DGCs in the Bourgogne AOC
13
Remeber Cotes de Couchois=Unique area!
Eg Chitry, Hautes Cotes de Blancs, Tonnere
What grapes would you find in a Macon (non DGC) AOC wine
White=100% Chardonnay
Red/Rose=Mix Pinot Noir and Gamay
What grapes would you find in a Macon -DGC wine
White=100% Chadonnay
Red=100% Gamay
How many Macon AOC DGCs are for solely white
6
If you found a Macon Villages AOC what would the wine be made from?
Only white from 100% Chardonnay
Which is this Burgundy AOC from the description…
Regional
White from Chardonnay, Pinot Blanc, Aligote and Melon
Red from Gamay and Pinot Noir and Cesar
Rose wines called Clairet
Coteaux Bourguigons
How long must a Cremant de Bourgogne stay on the lees
Min 9 months
What are the min amounts of Pinot Noir and Gamay found in a Burgundy Passe-tout-Grains
30% Pinot Noir
15% Gamay
How would you describe a wine from the Bourgogne Mousseaux AOC
Sparkling red
Trad method
Gamay and Pinot Noir normally
9/12 on lees
>3.5 ATM
Which AOC is 39% of the production of regional Burgundy AOCs
Burgundy AOC (with DGCs)
Which AOC is 28% of the production of regional AOCs
Macon (with DGCs and Villages)
Which AOC is 19 % of the production of regional AOCs
Cremant de Bourgogne
Which produces more - Bourgogne Passetoutgrains, Bourgogne Aligote or Coteaux Bourguignons
Bourgogne Aligote (11%)
Coteaux Bourguignons (2%)
Bourgogne Passetoutgrains (1%)
Irancy AOC is a red wine made chiefly from Pinot Noir, but what other grape variety can make up to 10% of the blend?
Gamay
Pinot Beurot
César
Pinot Gris
Cesar
In Bourgogne, which AOC is for sparkling red wines made by the traditional method?
Crémant de Bourgogne
Bourgogne Mousseux
Coteaux Bourguignons
Bourgogne-Sacy
Bourgogne Mousseaux
If you saw ‘Cave de’ followed by a town what would it signify
Wine was produced by one of the 16 co-operatives in Burgundy
What % of wine is sold through negociants
52%
around 7.5million cases
What size is the average vineyard holding in Burgundy
6.5 ha
What is a micro-negociant?
Typically small scale and focus on individual sites to produce terroir driven high end icro-cuvees
What is St Romain’s terroir known for?
Set in side valley away from main Cote.
High elevation, no exposure to south or east
=> not as rich, piercing acidity from Chardonnay
What is Chassagne Montrachet’s terroir known for
East facing hillside on main cote
=> rich powerful, luxurious wines from Chardonnay
What is Chambolle- Mussigny’s terroir known for?
East facing hillside with stony shallow soils
=> elegant perfumed wines from PN
What is Nuits St George’s terroir known for?
Rich, marly-limestone and pebbly soils
=> meaty spicy wines from PN
What would Clos du Cromin mean on a Meursault label or Le Vaucrain on a Cote de Nuits Villages wine
Clos du Cromin and Le Vaucrain are highly rated lieu-dits in Meursault and Cotes de Nuit
(not Premier Cru)
Grapes must all have come from that single lieu-dit
What would Les Clos mean on a Chablis Grand Cru label or Clos de la Vigne au Saint mean on a Corton Grand Cru label
Les Clos is one of the 7 climats of Chablis Grand Cru and Clos de la Vigne au Saint is one of the 28 climats of Corton Grand Cru.
Grapes must all have come from that single climat
What % of vignerons are organic in Burgundy
around 9%
Which are the 2 most common Vine training methods in Burgundy
Guyot and Cordon
Why would a vigneron spray water over vines
Water freezes over new buds- protects them from deeper and colder frost
When do vignerons unleash a shield of silver oxide
When there is at least a 40% chance of hail
Which Burgundy sub-regions extensively use machine harvesting
Chablis and Maconnais
What size barrels are often used for fermentation
228 litres (3 litres more than standard)
Oak maturation is normal for white wines in the Cote d’Or, Cote Challonais- True or False
True
Especially for the richer Grand Cru wones which will have more new oak
What is batonnage
Lees stirring - integrates flavours and develops bready characters
Is the trend towards more or less de-stemming for red wines
Less - more winemakers adding whole bunches
Is the trend to more or less punching down
Less -instead pump over and shorter maceration
What time would most red wine from Cote d’Or and Cote Chalonnaise spend in barrel to mature
0-6 months
6-12 months
12-18 months
12-36 months
12-18 months
Which village AOC is the only one allowed to produce Rosé?
Marsanne
Marsannay
Meursault
Monthélie
Marsannay
What is a Beaunois wine
White wine from Chablis
What would a wine made from red grapes in Chablis be labelled
Bougogne AOC
The Grand Cru vineyards of
Bourgros
Les Preuses
Vaudesir
Grenouilles
Valmur
Les Clos
Blanchot
and sometime La Moutonne
are each separate AOCs - True or False
False - they share Chablis Grand Cru AOC
What sea creatures are fossilised in Kimmeridgean marl
Oysters => rich and minerally wines
What creatures are fossilised in Portlandian marls
No fossils => (plus more exposed sites) fruitier, lighter wines
Which other Auxerre AOC is on Kimmeridgean marl
Irancy
…but red wine only AOC - Normally Pinot Noir
Which has the greatest production
Chablis AOC
Chablis Grand Cru
Petit Chablis
Chablis Premier Cru
Chablis AOC 58%
Petit Chablis 19%
Chablis Premier Cru 14%
Chablis Grand Cru 2%
What is the primary soil type where Petit Chablis is grown?
Belemnite chalk
Kimmeridgean marl
Portlandian
Gravel
Portlandian
The Grand and Premier Cru vineyards of Chablis sit on what kind of soil?
Sandstone
Chalk
Limestone
Kimmeridgean marl
Kimmeridgean marl
What are the 2 soils of the Cote de Nuits and are these the same as the Cote de Beaune?
Limestone and Limestone-rich marl
Yes - limestone especially in the white wine villages
What is this a list of…
Clos de Beze
Chapelle-Chambertin
Charmes and Mazoyeres Chambertin
Chambertin
Girotte Chambertin
Latrices Chambertin
Mazis-Chambertin
Ruchottes Chambertin
Grand Crus of Gevrey Chambertin
What is this a list of…
Clos de Roche
Clos Saint-Denis
Clos de Lambrays
Clos de Tart
Clos de Bonne Mares
Moray Saint Denis Grand Crus
What type of grapes could you find in a Premier Cru Clos de Monts Luisants
Chardonnay and/or Aligote
Monts Luisants is a Premier Cru climat in the Cote de Nuits sub-region of Burgundy. This vineyard is one of several that sit on the higer slopes above the Grand Cru sites in the Morey-Saint-Denis appellation. While it makes some notable red wines from Pinot Noir, it is most famous for its white wines made from Chardonnay and Aligoté.
Which is Chambolle Musigny’s shared Grand Cru
Bonne Mares
shared with Morey St Denis
What is this a list of …
Echezeaux
Grand Exchezeaux
Grand Rue
Romanee
Tache
Richebourg
Romanee Conti
Romanee Saint-Vivant
Grand Crus of Vosne-Romanee
St George is a Grand Cru of Nuits St George - True or False
False- Nuits St George has no Grand Crus
The majority of Grand Cru Mazoyeres Chambertin is sold under another AOC - True or False
True - under Charmes Chambertin AOC
Which Grand Cru AOCs in the Cotes de Nuits make white wine
and which in the Cote du Beaune
Only one Musigny
In Cote de Beaune =7
Corton Charlemagne
Charlemagne
Batard-Montrachet
Bienvenues-Montrachet
Chevalier-Montrachet
Criots-Batard Montrachet
Montrachet
What is a coomb
Valley
What is unusual about Romanee-Conti Grand Cru and La Tache Grand Cru and La Grande Rue
They are all monopoles with a single owner
La Tache is owned by Domaine de la Romanee-Conti
Which are the top 3 producers in the Cotes de Nuits by AOC
Gevrey-Chambertin=21%
Nuits st-George=16%
Marsannay=12%
Which village AOCs of the Côte de Nuits have no Grand Cru vineyards? Select all that apply.
Marsannay
Gevrey-Chambertin
Fixin
Nuits-Saint-Georges
Morey-Saint-Denis
Chambolle-Musigny
Marsannay
Fixin
Nuits St George
Which Côte de Nuits Grand Cru is the only one located at the bottom of a slope?
Bonnes-Mares
La Tâche
Chambertin
Clos de Vougeot
Clos de la Roche
Musigny
Clos de Vougeot
Ladoix produces red and white wines - True or False
True
Whic river runs through Savigny-les-Beaune?
Rhoin river - dividing the Mont Battois and Bois de Noel vineyards
Pommard vineyards have a lower clay and active limestone content than Volnay - True or False
False - high concentration of clay and active limestone (with lime). Volnay has less clay and more chalk
=> powerful robust wines
Which is the largest wine producing village in the Cote d’Or
Meursault
Which village has more white wine Grand Crus than any other village in Burgundy
Puligny Montrachet
Which village lies on the banks of the Dheune river
Santenay
What is the significance of this list…..
Corton
Corton Charlemagne
Charlemagne
The Grand crus of the hill of Corton shared between Pernand Vergelesse, Aloxe Corton and Ladoix (which has no Charlemagne Grand Cru)
What is the significance of this list….
Batard Montrachet
Beinvenues-Batard Monrachet
Chevalier-Montrachet
Montrachet
Criots-Batard-Montrachet
The Grand Crus of Montrachet
Montrachet and Batard Montrachet are shared
Criots-Batard Montrachet is solely Chassagne Montrachet
The others are solely Puligny Montrachet
Which are the top three AOC producers in the Cote de Beaune
Beaune AOC =10%
Meursault AOC=10%
Savigny-les-Beaune=8%
Santenay=8%
Pommard=8%
Chassagne-Montrachet=8%
Which of these Côte de Beaune Village AOCs only make red Wine? Select all that apply.
Volnay
Santenay
Pommard
Monthélie
Ladoix
Beaune
Volnay and Pommard
The Côte de Beaune has just one Grand Cru for Red wines – which one of these is it?
Montrachet
Meursault
Charlemagne
Corton
Chevalier-Montrachet
Puligny-Montrachet
Corton
Is the cote Chalonnaise warmer and cooler than the Cote d’or
Cooler - because there is less shelter from west winds
Which are the two main soils of the Cote Chalonnaise
Limestone-rich marl
Granite and Schist
Pink limestone of Premeaux
Sandy Marl
Limestone rich marl
Sandy marl
Granite ad schist belong in the Maconnais
What grape would you expect find in a bottle of Bouzeron AOC
Aligote- only allowed
Which of the Chalonnais villages is known for Cremant
Rully - also does still reds and whites from PN and Chardonnay
Which of the Chalonnais villages is the largest producer
Mercurey
follwed by Rully and Montagny
What might you expect from a bottle of Montagny
Dry white from chardonnay from Cave de Vignerons de Buxy co-op.
Bouzeron AOC makes wines from which grape variety?
Pinot Noir
Gamay
Aligoté
César
Sacy
Pinot Blanc
Aligote
Bouzeron and Montagny are both village AOCs in the Côte Chalonnaise. What is unusual about them?
They only make sweet wine.
They only make rosé wine.
They only make Crémant.
They only make white wine.
They only make white wine
What would you expect to find in a bottle of Macon white and would it differ from a
-Pouilly-Fuisse Premier Cru?
-Saint Veran
100% chardonnay
No - Pouilly Fuisse would also be 100% chardonnay - including Premier Crus and St Veran would also be 100% chardonnay
Which produces more Pouilly-Fuisse or Saint Veran
Pouilly-Fuisse - just 38% vs 37%
How many Premier Cru climats are there in Pouilly-Fuissé?
32
40
22
12
22
All village level AOCs in the Mâconnais make dry white wines from Chardonnay, but one AOC makes some sweeter wines as well. Which AOC is that?
Pouilly-Loché
Saint-Véran
Mâcon-Village
Viré-Clessé
Vire-Clesse
Why are négociants so important in Bourgogne?
Network of small individual growers
Negociants can benefit from
- economies of scale
-mitigating weather risk
-extend range
Bourgogne produces more red wine than white. True or False?
True
False
False
Which Bourgogne AOC produces wines from Sauvignon Blanc?
Irancy
Vézelay
Montagny
Saint-Bris
Bouzeron
Saint-Romain
Saint-Bris
In which of these villages will you find the La Tâche Grand Cru?
Gevrey-Chambertin
Vosne-Romanée
Morey-Saint-Denis
Chambolle-Musigny
Vougeot
Pommard
Vosne-Romanee
50% of the production of the Côte de Nuits is white wine.
True or False?
False
True
False 90% is red
The Grand Cru, Premiers Crus and most village level Chablis vineyards sit on which kind of soil?
Kimmeridgean Marl
Portlandian
Sandstone
Chalk
Granite
Kimmeridgean marl
Which Bourgogne AOC produces red wine from Pinot Noir and César grapes?
Bouzeron
Irancy
Marsannay
Saint-Bris
Irancy
Which of these are climats of Chablis Grand Cru?
Select all that apply.
Blanchot
Vézelay
Auxerre
Bougros
Saint-Bris
Les Clos
Grenouilles
Musigny
Charlemagne
Preuses
Valmur
Bouzeron
Vaudésir
Monts Luisants
Bougros, Les Clos, Grenouilles, Preuses, Valmur, Vaudesir
How many climats are ranked as Premier Cru in Pouilly-Fuissé?
17
55
26
22
14
41
22
Bourgogne’s Premiers Crus have their own AOC just as the Grands Crus do. True or False?
False
True
False
Which of these is NOT a Village AOC found in the Grand Auxerrois?
Saint-Bris
Irancy
Auxerre
Vézelay
Auxerre
Which of these is an important centre of production for Crémant de Bourgogne?
Mercurey
Rully
Givry
Montagny
Bouzeron
Rully
Saint-Romain is the only AC in Bourgogne authorized to grow Sauvignon Blanc and Sauvignon Gris.
True or False?
True
False
Saint-Bris is the only AOC in Burgundy that uses Sauvignon Blanc and Sauvignon Gris
What is the primary soil type where Petit Chablis is grown?
Portlandian
Kimmeridgean Marl
Belemnite Chalk
Limestone
Gravel
Sand
Portlandian
By what name is Pinot Gris sometimes known in Bourgogne?
Aligoté
Melon
Pinot Beurot
Auxerrois Gris
Pinot Beuret
Which of these famous Bourgogne villages has no Grand Cru vineyards? Select all that apply.
Nuits-Saint-Georges
Vougeot
Chambolle-Musigny
Beaune
Aloxe-Corton
Pommard
Volnay
Chassagne-Montrachet
Meursault
Pouilly-Fuissé
Nuits St George, Beaune, Pommard, Volnay, Meursault, Pouilly-Fuisse
Which of the following is an AOC in the Mâconnais?
Saint-Roman
Marsannay
Saint-Véran
Givry
Saint Veran
Which of the following is a Dénominations Géographiques Complémentaires / DGC?
Bourgogne Aligoté
Crémant de Bourgogne
Bourgogne Mousseux
Bourgogne Épineuil
Coteaux Bourguignons
Bourgogne Passe-Tout-Grains
Bourgogne Gamay
Bourgogne Epineuil
Which of the following Grands Crus makes both red and white wine? Select all that apply.
Montrachet
Corton
Clos de Vougeot
Charmes-Chambertin
Musigny
La Romanée
Corton and Musigny
Which city is located just to the north of the Côte d’Or?
Lyon
Beaune
Mâcon
Dijon
Auxerre
Marsannay
Dijon
Which of the following AOCs only make red wine?
Select all that apply
Aloxe-Corton
Beaune
Pommard
Nuits-Saint-George
Monthélie
Mercurey
Volnay
Pommard and Volnay
Which Duke of Burgundy outlawed Gamay?
Charles the Bald
John the Fearless
Philippe the Bold
Philippe the Good
Phillipe the Bold
Question 2
The first official classification of Bourgogne vineyards was in 1855.
True or False?
False
True
False - first official classification was in 1861
Irancy AOC is a red wine made chiefly from Pinot Noir, but what other grape variety can make up to 10% of the blend?
Gamay
Pinot Beurot
César
Pinot Gris
Ceasar
In Bourgogne, which AOC is for sparkling red wines made by the traditional method?
Crémant de Bourgogne
Bourgogne Mousseux
Coteaux Bourguignons
Bourgogne-Sacy
Bougogne Mousseux
Which village AOC is the only one allowed to produce Rosé?
Marsanne
Marsannay
Meursault
Monthélie
Marsannay
What is the capacity of the traditional Bourgogne barriques – or barrel ?
225 liters
228 liters
211 liters
350 liters
228 litres
Which village AOCs of the Côte de Nuits have no Grand Cru vineyards? Select all that apply.
Marsannay
Gevrey-Chambertin
Fixin
Nuits-Saint-Georges
Morey-Saint-Denis
Chambolle-Musigny
Marsanny, Fixin, Nuits St George
Which Côte de Nuits Grand Cru is the only one located at the bottom of a slope?
Bonnes-Mares
La Tâche
Chambertin
Clos de Vougeot
Clos de la Roche
Musigny
Clos de Vougeot
Which grape varieties are used in Saint-Bris AOC?
Sauvignon Blanc and Gris
What are the five main sub-regions of Bourgogne?
Chablis+, Cote de Nuit, Cote de Beaune, Chalonnais and Maconnais
What is marl
Clay and limestone mix
Which grape variety is used to make Bouzeron AOC
Aligote
Generally vineyards in the Cote d’or face in which direction
East, South East
Which Burgundy sub-region has soils of granite and schist
Maconnais
Wines labelled Macon-Villages can only be red _True or False
False - they can only be white
Which Bourgogne village was awarded 22 premiers crus from the 2020 vintage?
Pouilly-Fuisse
How many climats are in the Chablis Grand Cru
7 - plus and unofficial one called La Moutonne
Passe-tout-grains is a blend of which two red grapes
Pinot Noir and Gamay
Which Bourgogne DGC only makes red wine
Cote de Couchois
Epineuil only makes red and rose
Which Grand Crus only make white
All in Cote du Beaune
2 on hill of Corton=Corton Charlemagne and Charlemagne
5 in Montrachet
Which villages only make white in Cote d’or
None - all make red
Which villages make red and white in the Cotes de Nuit
Marsannay
Fixin
Morey st Denis
Vougeot
Nuits-st-george
Cotes de Nuit St George
Only red
Gevrey
Chambolle-Musigny (but the Grand Cru does)
Vosne-Romanee
Which villages just make red in the Cotes du Beane
Pommard, Volnay, Bagny and Cotes du Beaune
Which sub-region is nearest to the Paris Basin
Chablis and Auxerrois
Which is younger Kimmeridgean or Portland limestone
Portlandian
Which is the flat part of the Saone Graben
Bresse Plain
Where would you typically find Sacy grape
Cremant de Bourgogne
Where would you typically find a Pinot Blanc in Burgundy
Regional, village or even some Grand Cru
Where would you typically find a Pinot GrisC
Marsannay
- although authorised throughour
Where would you typically find Melon de Bourgogne
Coteaux Bourgignons or Cremant
Vignerons typically use 75% new oak for red maturation -True or False
False - new oak used sparingly
What % is the total production of village and premier crus
47%
of which premier cru is 10%
Where are the oldest marine deposits
south in Maconnais - youngest around Chablis
What is Chablis Tonnere
Premier Cru vineyard
What is the river that runs through Chablis
Serein
Which is Burgundy’s youngest (need to know) AOC
Vezelay
Chardonnay on limestone
Which village has the most Grand Cru
Gevrey (9)
second is Vosne-Romanee (8)
Clos de Vougeot Grand Cru is just for red - True or False
True
Which Grand Cru is shared between Chambolle-Musigny and Morey-Saint Denis
Bonnes Mares
Which village has all the Clos Grand Crus
Morey St Denis
Which of Chorey-les-Beaune and Savigny-les-Beaune are more or an easy drinking style
Chorey-les-Beaune= on plains by the railway (no premier cru)
Savigny= 22 Premier Cru
Saone joins at which subregion
Maconnais
What is the prominent topographical feature of Maconnaise
3 Bioherms
Rock of Solutre
Rock of Vergisson
Mont de Pouilly
What is Levroute
Semi sweet wine of Vire-Clesse
Residual sugar 0.8-1.8%
