BUNYAVIRIDAE

Question 1

Genus Nairovirus:

• What is the geographic distribution of Nairobi sheep ds. virus?
• What is the arthropod vector of the virus?
• What is the target host/amplifier host of the virus?
• Give its disease in animals.
• Give its ds. in humans.

Answer 1

• Eastern Africa
• Ticks
• Sheep, goats
• Hemorrhagic enteritis
• Mild febrile illness

Question 2

Genus Phlebovirus:

• What is the geographic distribution of Rift Valley Fever Virus?
• What is the arthropod vector of the virus?
• What is the target host/amplifier host of the virus?
• Give its disease in animals.
• Give its ds. in humans.

Answer 2

• Africa
• Mosquitoes (Aedes spp.)
• Sheep, cattle, buffalo, humans
• Systemic ds., hepatitis, abortion
• Flu-like illness, hepatitis, hemorrhagic fever, enteritis

Question 3

Bunyaviridae has glycoprotein spikes and matrix protein in their envelope. True or False?

Answer 3

False, no matrix protein

Question 4

Give the transmission cycle of Hantavirus.

Answer 4

• Vertebrate-vertebrate cycles w/out arthropod vectors
• Disseminated by rodents

Question 5

What are the clinical signs in humans infected with Hantavirus?

Answer 5

Fever, myalgia, headache, nausea, vomiting, nonproductive cough, shortness of breath

Question 6

Genus Hanta Virus:

• What is the host for Sin Nombre Virus, New York virus, Black Creek Canal Virus, Bayou Virus, and Andes virus?
• Give its disease in humans.

Answer 6

• Peromyscus maniculatus (deer mouse) and other reservoir rodent species
• Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome

Question 7

Genus Hantavirus:

• What is the host for Hantaan virus?
• Give its disease in humans.

Answer 7

• Apodemus agrarius (striped field mouse)
• Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome

Question 8

What are the 3 segments of genome of Bunyaviridae?

Answer 8

1. Large (L)
2. Medium (M)
3. Small (S)

Question 9

What are the 2 important diseases caused by Bunyaviridae?

Answer 9

1. Congenital fetal malformation
2. Systemic hemorrhagic fever syndromes

Question 10

Large segment of genome of Bunyaviridae encodes what ?

Answer 10

RNA-dependent RNA polymerase

Question 11

Genus Orthobunyavirus (Bunyavirus):

• What is the geographic distribution of Cache Valley virus?
• What is the arthropod vector of the virus?
• What is the target host/amplifier host of the virus?
• Give its disease in animals.
• Give its ds. in humans.

Answer 11

• United States
• Mosquitoes, Culicoides spp.
• Cattle, sheep, goats, deer, horses
• Arthrogryposis, hydranencephaly (rarely)
• Sporadic encephalitis and rare congenital infection

Question 12

What are the diagnostic method for Genus Hantavirus?

Answer 12

1. IFA
2. ELISA
3. RT-PCR

Question 13

Genus Hanta Virus:

• What is the host for Puumala virus?
• Give its disease in humans.

Answer 13

• Clethrionomys glareolus (bank vole)
• Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome

Question 14

Genus Orthobunyavirus (Bunyavirus):

• What is the geographic distribution of La Crosse and other California encephalitis group viruses?
• What is the arthropod vector of the virus?
• What is the target host/amplifier host of the virus?
• Give its disease in animals.
• Give its ds. in humans.

Answer 14

• N.A
• Mosquitoes, Culicoides spp.
• Small mammals, humans
• None
• Encephalitis

Question 15

Genus Hantavirus has persistent infection in what reservoir host?

Answer 15

Rodents

Question 16

Genus Hantavirus infection is zoonotic. True or False?

Answer 16

True

Question 17

What are the 3 generas under Bunyaviridae that has arthropod-vertebrate-arthropod cycle?

Answer 17

1. Nairovirus
2. Phlebovirus
3. Orthobunyavirus

Question 18

Genus Orthobunyavirus (Bunyavirus):

• What is the geographic distribution of Schmallenberg virus?
• What is the arthropod vector of the virus?
• What is the target host/amplifier host of the virus?
• Give its disease in animals.
• Give its ds. in humans.

Answer 18

• Europe (including U.K, Turkey)
• Mosquitoes, Culicoides spp.
• Cattle, sheep, goats, wild ruminants, camelids
• Arthrogryposis, hydranencephaly
• None

Question 19

Medium segment of genome of Bunyaviridae encodes what ?

Answer 19

Polyprotein processed to form glycoproteins Gn and Gc

Question 20

Genus Orthobunyavirus (Bunyavirus):

• What is the geographic distribution of Akabane virus?
• What is the arthropod vector of the virus?
• What is the target host/amplifier host of the virus?
• Give its disease in animals.
• Give its ds. in humans.

Answer 20

• Australia, Japan, Israel, Korea, Africa
• Mosquitoes, Culicoides spp.
• Cattle, sheep, goats
• Arthrogryposis, hydranencephaly
• None

Question 21

Describe the genome properties of Bunyaviridae.

Answer 21

Enveloped; segmented negative sense, single-stranded RNA

Question 22

Small segment of genome of Bunyaviridae encodes what ?

Answer 22

Nucleoprotein (N) or nonstructural proteins (NSc) in Orthobunyavirus and Phlebovirus

Question 23

Bunyaviridae is considered as the largest virus family. How many members are there in Bunyaviridae?

Answer 23

350

Question 24

Hantavirus is shed in saliva, urine, and feces. True or False?

Answer 24

True (causes inapparent infections)

Question 25

Hantavirus causes what ds.?

Answer 25

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (Old World)

Question 26

**Genus Nairovirus:** * What is the geographic distribution of **Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus**? * What is the arthropod vector of the virus? * What is the target host/amplifier host of the virus? * Give its disease in animals. * Give its ds. in humans.

Answer 26

* Africa, Asia, Europe * Ticks * Sheep, cattle, goats, humans * Mild if any * Hemorrhagic fever, hepatitis

Question 27

Tospovirus is transmitted between plants by ?

Answer 27

Thrips

Question 28

**Genus Hanta Virus:** * What is the host for **Seoul** virus? * Give its disease in humans.

Answer 28

* Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) * Hemorrhagic fever with renal sydrome

Question 29

Transmission of Hantavirus to humans is via ?

Answer 29

Direct contact