ADENOVIRIDAE Flashcards
Adenoviridae is an enveloped virus. True or False?
False
Replication site of Adenoviridae
Nucleus
Adenoviridae has double-stranded DNA. True or False?
True
Adenos means?
gland
What is the causative agent of Quail Bronchitis virus?
Avian adenovirus 1 or Fowl aviadenovirus A
Give the clinical signs of Quail Bronchitis virus.
In young birds: respiratory distress, open-mouth breathing, nasal discharge, coughing, sneezing, rales, lacrimation, and conjuctivitis
In older birds: same but there is diarrhea
Give the pathogenesis of Quail Bronchitis virus. (not pathogenesis but rather distinct marks??)
Marked by necrotic or hemorrhagic tracheitis, with distinct large basophilic intranuclear inclusions, air sacculitis, multifocal hepatic necrosis, and gaseous, mucoid enteritis
— Highly contagious
What is the causative agent of Egg Drop Syndrome virus?
Atadenovirus
What specie of avian is most affected by EDS virus?
Chickens
In chicken flocks previously free of infection with EDS virus, the first clinical signs of infection are?
- Loss of color in pigmented eggs and soft-shelled, thin-shelled, and shell-less eggs
– Thin-shelled eggs may have a rough or even sandpaper-like texture.
– Egg production decreased by 40%
- Characteristic lesions in infected birds occur in the pouch shell gland and oviduct, where epithelial cells become necrotic and contain intranuclear inclusion bodies
- There is also associated inflammatory infiltration
What is the main route of transmission of EDS virus?
Through contaminated eggs
— Droppings; contaminated fomites; needles used for vaccines;
Equine adenoviruses 1 and 2 (A & B) are members of the genus?
Mastadenovirus
Equine Adenovirus 1 has been isolated worldwide from ?
Upper respiratory secretion of foals and horses with and without the disease
Equine adenovirus 2 has been isolated from?
Lymph nodes and feces of foals with upper respiratory disease and diarrhea.
What are the clinical signs of Equine adenovirus 1 and 2?
- Most are subclinical or present as mild upper or lower respiratory disease
- The latter (EAD 2) are marked by fever, nasal discharge, and cough
— Arabian foals with immunodeficiency can be the target of adenoviruses
* Foals invariably die within 3 months
* Causes bronchiolitis and pneumonia
* The virus destroys cells in a wide range of other tissues in these foals, particularly the pancreas and salivary glands, but also renal, bladder, and GIT epithelium
Diagnostic methods for Equine adenovirus 1 and 2
- Virus isolation
- Serology
- PCR
- Immunoassay
- Virus-specific monoclonal antibodies
Canine adenovirus type 1 cause a systemic disease called ?
Infectious canine hepatitis
In dogs, as well as causing acute hepatitis, canine adenovirus 1 may cause ____ or ____ disease. In contrast, canine adenovirus infection is localized to the _____ _____.
respiratory; ocular
respiratory tract
Describe the 3 overlapping syndromes induced by Canine adenovirus 1.
- Peracute disease
- Pup is found dead either without apparent preceding illness or after an illness lasting only 3 or 4 hours - Acute disease
- Fatal, marked by fever, depression, loss of appetite, vomiting, bloody diarrhea, petechial hemorrhages of the gums, pale mucous membranes, icterus (jaundice) - Mild disease
- Vaccine-modified disease; result of partial immunity
What are the specific clinical signs of acute disease induced by Canine adenovirus 1?
— The incubation period of the acute disease is 4-9 days
- Clinical signs include fever, apathy, anorexia, thirst, conjunctivitis, serous discharge from the eyes and nose, occasionally abdominal pain, and petechiae of oral mucosa
- There maybe tachycardia, leukopenia, prolonged clotting time, disseminated intravascular coagulation.
- In some cases, there may be hemorrhage.
- Dogs affected severely may convulse.
In foxes, canine adenovirus 1 causes ?
Primary central nervous system disease; infected animals may exhibit intermittent convulsions during the course of their illness and saliva
Recovered dogs from CADV-1 may shed virus in their urine for up to ___ months.
6
Give the pathogenesis of Canine adenovirus 1.
- Enters the nasopharyngeal, oral, and conjunctival routes
- Initial infection in tonsils; spreads to regional lymph nodes and to the blood
- Viremia; dissemination to saliva, urine, feces, endothelial and parenchymal cells in many tissues
- Necrosis especially in the liver, kidneys, spleen, and lungs
What are the diagnostic methods for CADV-1?
- Virus isolation
- PCR
- Serology using an enzyme immunoassay, hemagglutination-inhibition, or neutralization assay
- Immunohistochemistry
- Immunofluorescence staining
CADV-2 causes a localized _____ disease in dogs and is a potential cause of the _____ _____ _____ or _____ _____ _____ _____.
respiratory; kennel cough syndrome or canine infectious respiratory disease
What are the clinical signs of CADV-2 infection?
Bronchitis and brochiolitis
