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CCFP > Bugs And Drugs > Flashcards

Bugs And Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Prostatitis

A

Septra DS BID 6 wks
Cipro BID 6 wks

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2
Q

H pylori

A

Bismuth
Metronidazole
Doxycycline
PPI

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3
Q

Gastric bleed

A

CTX (ppx)
Erythromycin (pro kinetic 30-90min before scope)

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4
Q

UTI Firstline

A

Nitrofurantoin in women/pregnant
Ciprofloxacin in male/complex/pyelo
Amoxicillin in peds (cefixime if complicated)

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5
Q

Cellulitis (uncomplicated, no MRSA coverage)

A

Cephalexin

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6
Q

AOM

A

amoxicillin

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7
Q

Otitis externa

A

Ciprodex otic suspension

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8
Q

Strep pharyngitis

A

Penicillin in adults
Amoxicillin in pediatrics

Second line: erythro/clarithro, keflex

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9
Q

CAP

A

Adults:
Amoxicillin or doxycycline first line
clarithromycin or azithromycin second line
Inpatient CTX/azithromycin or levofloxicin

Peds:
Amoxicillin Firstline
Clarithromycin <8 and doxycycline >8 second line

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10
Q

Acute rhinitis

A

Amoxicillin
If suspect resistant s pneumo do amoxicillin/clav

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11
Q

BV

A

Metronidazole

Gardenerlla vaginalis

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12
Q

HSV

A

Acyclovir

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13
Q

G+C

A

CTX IM or
Cefixime and azithromycin PO or
Doxycycline PO

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14
Q

Gastroenteritis (blood, fever, >3BM/d)

A

Ciprofloxacin
Azithromycin

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15
Q

C diffacile, colitis

A

Vancomycin PO

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16
Q

Peptic ulcer disease, not related to NSAID use

A

Bismuth, PPI, doxycycline, metronidazole or
Clarithromycin, amoxicillin, metronidazole, PPI

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17
Q

cystitis in women (uncomplicated, pregnant, pyelo)

A

Nitrofurantoin
TMP-SMX DS
Fosfomycin

If pregnant: Nitrofurantoin or amoxicillin (avoid TMP-SMX in first trimester and at term)

If pyelo: Ciprofloxacin or levofloxacin or IV CTX or IV gentamicin

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18
Q

Cystitis in men

A

Ciprofloxacin 7-14 days

Also 7-14 days if catheter (remove catheter if possible)

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19
Q

Coverage of atypical (2 antibiotics)

A

Macrolides and tetracyclines

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20
Q

Treatment for pinworms

A

Antihelminth (mebendazole, albendazole, pyrantel)

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21
Q

Most common bug causing traveler’s diarrhea

A

Enterotoxigenic e coli (ETEC)

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22
Q

Most common bugs causing CAP

A

S pneumo
H influenzae
S aureus
Mycoplasma
Moraxella

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23
Q

Treatment for traveler’s diarrhea

A

Macrolide and fluroquinolone

Can use loperamides and bismuth for symptoms

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24
Q

Penicillin G (IV) susceptible bugs

A

Strep pneumo
GAS
Nisseria meningitis
Syphilis
Listeria
Pasteurella

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25
Q

Penicillin V (PO)

A

GAS strep throat

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26
Q

Ampicillin/amoxicillin

A

Gram + and some gram - (enterococci)

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27
Q

Penicillinase resistant penicillins (cloxacillin)

A

Skin infection (not MRSA)

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28
Q

Antipseudomonal penicillins (piperacillin)

A

Anaerobic and pseudomonal coverage

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29
Q

First Gen cephalosporin (cephalexin, cefazolin)

A

Gram +, good for penicillin allergy

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30
Q

Third gen cephalosporin (CTX, cefixime)

A

Good CSF penetration (CTX) for meningitis

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31
Q

Carbapanem

A

Broad (no MRSA)
Ertapenem does not cover pseudomonas

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32
Q

Lincosamide (clindamycin)

A

Anaerobes, gram +, MRSA
Can cause C diff
GU infections
TSS
Aspiration PNA

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33
Q

Macrolide (azithromycin)

A

Gram +, atypical
Chlamydia
Legionella
Mycoplasma
CAP

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34
Q

Tetracycline

A

Chlamydia
Mycoplasma
Tick borne bruciella and rickettsia
Acne (can cause phototoxic dermatitis)

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35
Q

Aminoglycosides

A

Gram -, pseudomonas

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36
Q

Fluroquinolone (cipro levo moxi)

A

Gram -, pseudomonas
Legionella
Brucella
Mycobacterium

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37
Q

Lipocopeptide (vancomycin)

A

Gram + MRSA

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38
Q

Sulfonamide (TMP SMX)

A

Gram+, gram-
Protozoan (toxiplasma, pneumocystis)
TMPS- resp tree, mouth, pee, PCP ppx

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39
Q

Pseudomonal coverage

A

Piperacillin
Meropenem
Aminoglycoside
Ciprofloxacin
3rd gen cephalosporin

40
Q

Anaerobic coverage

A

Clindamycin
Metronidazole
Penicillin with beta lactamase inhibitor (amoxclav piptazo)

41
Q

Atypical

A

Macrolide
Tetracycline
FQ

42
Q

MRSA

A

Vancomycin
Clindamycin
TMPSMX
Tetracycline
Linezoid

43
Q

Most common bacterium for acne

A

Propionibacterium acnes

44
Q

Virus causing croup

A

Parainfluenza 1 and 3

45
Q

Pertussis organism

A

Borderella pertussis

46
Q

Most common bug in AOM

A

S pneumo

M catarrhalis

H influenzae

47
Q

AOM

A

Firstline: amoxicillin

If penicillin allergy: cefuroxime or clindamycin+cefixime

Second line: amoxclav or CTX

48
Q

Treatment for AOM with prudent conjunctivitis

49
Q

Animal bites

A

Amox clav

Tdap (if >10yr or >5 yr +Ig if not complete series)

Consider post infectious ravines vaccine and Ig within 24h (public health notification)

HIV/Hep B/C if human bites

50
Q

Most common bacteria in bites

A

Animal: pasteurella multiocida

Human: strep, hemophilus (anaerobe)

DM foot: pseudomonas, MRSA, gram neg, anaerobes

IVDU: staph, MRSA

51
Q

HIV

A

Post exposure prophylaxis:
Truvada and raltegravir

52
Q

HPV

A

Imiquimod or podofilox or cryotherapy

53
Q

Chlamydia

A

Azithromycin or doxycycline
Co-treatment for gonorrhoea

Trace all contacts in last 60 days, test and treat

NAAT of cure, not recommended for most people, however if indicated, four weeks after treatment completion

54
Q

Syphilis

A

Long acting benzathine penicillin, or doxycycline

Screen all patients for HIV concurrently

Scream pregnant women at first trimester and time of delivery

Contact tracing:
Primary syphilis three months
Secondary syphilis six months
Early late and syphilis one year

Follow up serial RPR at one, three, six, 12 months after treatments and infectious cases

55
Q

Gonorrhoea

A

Cefixime plus azithromycin

Or ceftriaxone and azithromycin

Newborns of positive mothers should be given single dose of cetyl

Trace all contacts in last 60 days

Test of cure is recommended in all cases using NAAT typically around 3 to 4 weeks after completion of treatment

Re-screening a six months following treatment 

56
Q

Genital herpes simplex

A

Valacyclovir, or acyclovir

57
Q

Non-gonococcal urethritis

A

Cefixime plus azithromycin

All positive patients should be tested for GCNCT

All contacts in less 60 days should be traced

58
Q

Mucopurulent cervicitis

A

Cefixime plus azithromycin

Or gentamycin plus azithromycin

Contact tracing up to 60 days

59
Q

Epididymitis/orchitis

A

Levofloxacin if not sexually transmitted

Otherwise CTX and doxycycline

60
Q

Pelvic inflammatory disease

A

Ceftriaxone plus doxycycline with or without metronidazole

Or levofloxacin with or without metronidazole

61
Q

Bacterial vaginosis

A

Metronidazole or clindamycin, if symptomatic (unless pregnant then treat regardless)

62
Q

Vulvovaginal candidiasis

A

Fluconazole

63
Q

Trichomonas

A

Metronidazole

64
Q

Scabies

A

Permethrin cream

Steroids for itch

Wash laundry and dry with high heat

65
Q

Syphilis bacterium

A

Treponema pallidum

66
Q

List of live vaccines

A

BCG
Zostavax
MMRV
Rotavirus
Smallpox, typhoid
Yellow fever

67
Q

Common infections in asplenia

A

Pneumococcal most common
Meningococcal
HIB
Influenza
Hepatitis A/B

68
Q

When to immunize for pneumococcal

A

H 65 or younger if specific risk factors

69
Q

When you vaccinate for herpes zoster

A

Over 50 or immunosuppressed

Anyone who’s over 50 years old and VZV zero negative should be given varicella vaccine rather than herpes zoster

70
Q

Special considerations for influenza immunization

A

Not recommended in children less than six months old as no effectiveness proven

And children less than nine years old recommend getting two doses, one month apart for their first vaccine

71
Q

Mastitis treatment

A

Most common staph aureus

Cephalexin
Cloxacillin
Sulfamethimazole/trimethoprim

72
Q

Bloody diarrhea bugs/ treatment

A

Avoid abx if suspect toxin (bloody, history of eating seed sprouts, rare beef, outbreak)

Otherwise fluoroquinolone or azithromycin

Bugs include shigella, campylobacter, c diff, travelers diarrhea, protozoal

73
Q

Meningitis in <1mo bugs and drugs

A

Listeria monocytogenes
E. coli
GBS

Ampicillin and cefotaxime/gentamicin

74
Q

Meningitis in >1mo bugs and drugs

A

S pneumo
HIB
Nisseria meningitidis

Vancomycin and CTX (add ampicillin if >50yr for listeria)

Dexamethasone if suspect s pneumo (decrease mortality) or HIB (decrease hearing loss)

75
Q

Viral (aseptic) meningitis causative agents

A

Enterovirus
HSV
Lyme (borrelia burgdorferi - not a virus)

Acyclovir if suspect HSV encephalitis (personality/behaviour/cognition change)

76
Q

Meningitis in immunocompromised bugs and drugs

A

Pseudomonas with meropenem

TB/cryptococcal coverage

77
Q

Post exposure ppx for nisseria or HIB meningitis

A

NM - ciprofloxacin, rifampin, CTX

HIB - rifampin

78
Q

Malaria organism

A

Plasmodium malriae

79
Q

Malaria treatment/ppx

A

Malarone (avoid in children <5kg)
Mefloquine
Chloroquine
Doxycycline

80
Q

Rule for pregnancy in Dengue/zika/chiungunya

A

Avoid pregnancy after return from endemic area 2 months for women and 6 months for men

81
Q

Went to get typhoid vaccine

A

Travelling to south Asia

82
Q

When to get meningitis vaccine?

A

Travelling to meningitis belt, Hajj

83
Q

Went to get yellow fever vaccine

A

African is South African countries

84
Q

Went to get Japanese and encephalitis vaccine

A

Travelling to rural Asia

85
Q

Treatments for travelers, diarrhoea

A

Bismuth subsalicylate
-Can cause, black tongue, black stools, tinnitus, constipation

Imodium

Consider antibiotics if greater than four unformed, stool, daily, fever, blood or pus, high risk, including child, pregnant, elderly
- Ciprofloxacin, azithromycin (if pregnant)
- covers ETEC, Campylobacter, salmonella,

86
Q

Spots of white on sea of red

A

Dengue fever

87
Q

GBS bacteruria and intrapartum management

A

Bacteruria: amox or macrobid (not in labor) or septra (not in T1)

Labor: penicillin G or cefazolin or clindamycin

88
Q

C diff treatment

A

Vancomycin
Flagyl
Fidaxomicin

89
Q

Indication for vaccination against encapsulated organisms (and name the big 3 organisms)

A

Asplenia, sickle cell, thalassemia

Pneumococcal, HIB, meningococcal

90
Q

Pertussis treatment

A

Erythromycin seven days or azithromycin in children under one month old

91
Q

Most common bug in epiglottitis

A

Hemophilus influenza type B

92
Q

Antibiotic recommended for peritonsillar and the retro pharyngeal abscess

A

Ampicillin or penicillin G

93
Q

Live vaccines

A

BCG
Zostavax
MMRV
Rotavirus
Smallpox
Typhoid
Nasal influenza

94
Q

Legionella

A

Levofloxicin

95
Q

Dermatophyte infection (tinea)

A

Creams:
Ketaconazole
Terbinafine
Ciopirox

PO fluconazole/terbinafine if head or nails or refractory

96
Q

Yeast (Malassezia)

A

Pityriasis vesicolor: antifungal oint, selenium, zinc

Seb dermatitis: antifungal shampoo (ketoconazole/selenium)

CCFP (25 decks)

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