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Bugs And Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Prostatitis

A

Septra DS BID 6 wks
Cipro BID 6 wks

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2
Q

H pylori

A

Bismuth
Metronidazole
Doxycycline
PPI

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3
Q

Gastric bleed

A

CTX (ppx)
Erythromycin (pro kinetic 30-90min before scope)

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4
Q

UTI Firstline

A

Nitrofurantoin in women/pregnant
Ciprofloxacin in male/complex/pyelo
Amoxicillin in peds (cefixime if complicated)

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5
Q

Cellulitis (uncomplicated, no MRSA coverage)

A

Cephalexin

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6
Q

AOM

A

amoxicillin

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7
Q

Otitis externa

A

Ciprodex otic suspension

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8
Q

Strep pharyngitis

A

Penicillin in adults
Amoxicillin in pediatrics

Second line: erythro/clarithro, keflex

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9
Q

CAP

A

Adults:
Amoxicillin or doxycycline first line
clarithromycin or azithromycin second line
Inpatient CTX/azithromycin or levofloxicin

Peds:
Amoxicillin Firstline
Clarithromycin <8 and doxycycline >8 second line

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10
Q

Acute rhinitis

A

Amoxicillin
If suspect resistant s pneumo do amoxicillin/clav

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11
Q

BV

A

Metronidazole

Gardenerlla vaginalis

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12
Q

HSV

A

Acyclovir

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13
Q

G+C

A

CTX IM or
Cefixime and azithromycin PO or
Doxycycline PO

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14
Q

Gastroenteritis (blood, fever, >3BM/d)

A

Ciprofloxacin
Azithromycin

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15
Q

C diffacile, colitis

A

Vancomycin PO

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16
Q

Peptic ulcer disease, not related to NSAID use

A

Bismuth, PPI, doxycycline, metronidazole or
Clarithromycin, amoxicillin, metronidazole, PPI

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17
Q

cystitis in women (uncomplicated, pregnant, pyelo)

A

Nitrofurantoin
TMP-SMX DS
Fosfomycin

If pregnant: Nitrofurantoin or amoxicillin (avoid TMP-SMX in first trimester and at term)

If pyelo: Ciprofloxacin or levofloxacin or IV CTX or IV gentamicin

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18
Q

Cystitis in men

A

Ciprofloxacin 7-14 days

Also 7-14 days if catheter (remove catheter if possible)

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19
Q

Coverage of atypical (2 antibiotics)

A

Macrolides and tetracyclines

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20
Q

Treatment for pinworms

A

Antihelminth (mebendazole, albendazole, pyrantel)

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21
Q

Most common bug causing traveler’s diarrhea

A

Enterotoxigenic e coli (ETEC)

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22
Q

Most common bugs causing CAP

A

S pneumo
H influenzae
S aureus
Mycoplasma
Moraxella

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23
Q

Treatment for traveler’s diarrhea

A

Macrolide and fluroquinolone

Can use loperamides and bismuth for symptoms

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24
Q

Penicillin G (IV) susceptible bugs

A

Strep pneumo
GAS
Nisseria meningitis
Syphilis
Listeria
Pasteurella

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25
Penicillin V (PO)
GAS strep throat
26
Ampicillin/amoxicillin
Gram + and some gram - (enterococci)
27
Penicillinase resistant penicillins (cloxacillin)
Skin infection (not MRSA)
28
Antipseudomonal penicillins (piperacillin)
Anaerobic and pseudomonal coverage
29
First Gen cephalosporin (cephalexin, cefazolin)
Gram +, good for penicillin allergy
30
Third gen cephalosporin (CTX, cefixime)
Good CSF penetration (CTX) for meningitis
31
Carbapanem
Broad (no MRSA) Ertapenem does not cover pseudomonas
32
Lincosamide (clindamycin)
Anaerobes, gram +, MRSA Can cause C diff GU infections TSS Aspiration PNA
33
Macrolide (azithromycin)
Gram +, atypical Chlamydia Legionella Mycoplasma CAP
34
Tetracycline
Chlamydia Mycoplasma Tick borne bruciella and rickettsia Acne (can cause phototoxic dermatitis)
35
Aminoglycosides
Gram -, pseudomonas
36
Fluroquinolone (cipro levo moxi)
Gram -, pseudomonas Legionella Brucella Mycobacterium
37
Lipocopeptide (vancomycin)
Gram + MRSA
38
Sulfonamide (TMP SMX)
Gram+, gram- Protozoan (toxiplasma, pneumocystis) TMPS- resp tree, mouth, pee, PCP ppx
39
Pseudomonal coverage
Piperacillin Meropenem Aminoglycoside Ciprofloxacin 3rd gen cephalosporin
40
Anaerobic coverage
Clindamycin Metronidazole Penicillin with beta lactamase inhibitor (amoxclav piptazo)
41
Atypical
Macrolide Tetracycline FQ
42
MRSA
Vancomycin Clindamycin TMPSMX Tetracycline Linezoid
43
Most common bacterium for acne
Propionibacterium acnes
44
Virus causing croup
Parainfluenza 1 and 3
45
Pertussis organism
Borderella pertussis
46
Most common bug in AOM
S pneumo M catarrhalis H influenzae
47
AOM
Firstline: amoxicillin If penicillin allergy: cefuroxime or clindamycin+cefixime Second line: amoxclav or CTX
48
Treatment for AOM with prudent conjunctivitis
Amoxclav
49
Animal bites
Amox clav Tdap (if >10yr or >5 yr +Ig if not complete series) Consider post infectious ravines vaccine and Ig within 24h (public health notification) HIV/Hep B/C if human bites
50
Most common bacteria in bites
Animal: pasteurella multiocida Human: strep, hemophilus (anaerobe) DM foot: pseudomonas, MRSA, gram neg, anaerobes IVDU: staph, MRSA
51
HIV
Post exposure prophylaxis: Truvada and raltegravir
52
HPV
Imiquimod or podofilox or cryotherapy
53
Chlamydia
Azithromycin or doxycycline Co-treatment for gonorrhoea Trace all contacts in last 60 days, test and treat NAAT of cure, not recommended for most people, however if indicated, four weeks after treatment completion
54
Syphilis
Long acting benzathine penicillin, or doxycycline Screen all patients for HIV concurrently Scream pregnant women at first trimester and time of delivery Contact tracing: Primary syphilis three months Secondary syphilis six months Early late and syphilis one year Follow up serial RPR at one, three, six, 12 months after treatments and infectious cases
55
Gonorrhoea
Cefixime plus azithromycin Or ceftriaxone and azithromycin Newborns of positive mothers should be given single dose of cetyl Trace all contacts in last 60 days Test of cure is recommended in all cases using NAAT typically around 3 to 4 weeks after completion of treatment Re-screening a six months following treatment 
56
Genital herpes simplex
Valacyclovir, or acyclovir
57
Non-gonococcal urethritis
Cefixime plus azithromycin All positive patients should be tested for GCNCT All contacts in less 60 days should be traced
58
Mucopurulent cervicitis
Cefixime plus azithromycin Or gentamycin plus azithromycin Contact tracing up to 60 days
59
Epididymitis/orchitis
Levofloxacin if not sexually transmitted Otherwise CTX and doxycycline
60
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Ceftriaxone plus doxycycline with or without metronidazole Or levofloxacin with or without metronidazole
61
Bacterial vaginosis
Metronidazole or clindamycin, if symptomatic (unless pregnant then treat regardless)
62
Vulvovaginal candidiasis
Fluconazole
63
Trichomonas
Metronidazole
64
Scabies
Permethrin cream Steroids for itch Wash laundry and dry with high heat
65
Syphilis bacterium
Treponema pallidum
66
List of live vaccines
BCG Zostavax MMRV Rotavirus Smallpox, typhoid Yellow fever
67
Common infections in asplenia
Pneumococcal most common Meningococcal HIB Influenza Hepatitis A/B
68
When to immunize for pneumococcal
H 65 or younger if specific risk factors
69
When you vaccinate for herpes zoster
Over 50 or immunosuppressed Anyone who’s over 50 years old and VZV zero negative should be given varicella vaccine rather than herpes zoster
70
Special considerations for influenza immunization
Not recommended in children less than six months old as no effectiveness proven And children less than nine years old recommend getting two doses, one month apart for their first vaccine
71
Mastitis treatment
Most common staph aureus Cephalexin Cloxacillin Sulfamethimazole/trimethoprim
72
Bloody diarrhea bugs/ treatment
Avoid abx if suspect toxin (bloody, history of eating seed sprouts, rare beef, outbreak) Otherwise fluoroquinolone or azithromycin Bugs include shigella, campylobacter, c diff, travelers diarrhea, protozoal
73
Meningitis in <1mo bugs and drugs
Listeria monocytogenes E. coli GBS Ampicillin and cefotaxime/gentamicin
74
Meningitis in >1mo bugs and drugs
S pneumo HIB Nisseria meningitidis Vancomycin and CTX (add ampicillin if >50yr for listeria) Dexamethasone if suspect s pneumo (decrease mortality) or HIB (decrease hearing loss)
75
Viral (aseptic) meningitis causative agents
Enterovirus HSV Lyme (borrelia burgdorferi - not a virus) Acyclovir if suspect HSV encephalitis (personality/behaviour/cognition change)
76
Meningitis in immunocompromised bugs and drugs
Pseudomonas with meropenem TB/cryptococcal coverage
77
Post exposure ppx for nisseria or HIB meningitis
NM - ciprofloxacin, rifampin, CTX HIB - rifampin
78
Malaria organism
Plasmodium malriae
79
Malaria treatment/ppx
Malarone (avoid in children <5kg) Mefloquine Chloroquine Doxycycline
80
Rule for pregnancy in Dengue/zika/chiungunya
Avoid pregnancy after return from endemic area 2 months for women and 6 months for men
81
Went to get typhoid vaccine
Travelling to south Asia
82
When to get meningitis vaccine?
Travelling to meningitis belt, Hajj
83
Went to get yellow fever vaccine
African is South African countries
84
Went to get Japanese and encephalitis vaccine
Travelling to rural Asia
85
Treatments for travelers, diarrhoea
Bismuth subsalicylate -Can cause, black tongue, black stools, tinnitus, constipation Imodium Consider antibiotics if greater than four unformed, stool, daily, fever, blood or pus, high risk, including child, pregnant, elderly - Ciprofloxacin, azithromycin (if pregnant) - covers ETEC, Campylobacter, salmonella,
86
Spots of white on sea of red
Dengue fever
87
GBS bacteruria and intrapartum management
Bacteruria: amox or macrobid (not in labor) or septra (not in T1) Labor: penicillin G or cefazolin or clindamycin
88
C diff treatment
Vancomycin Flagyl Fidaxomicin
89
Indication for vaccination against encapsulated organisms (and name the big 3 organisms)
Asplenia, sickle cell, thalassemia Pneumococcal, HIB, meningococcal
90
Pertussis treatment
Erythromycin seven days or azithromycin in children under one month old
91
Most common bug in epiglottitis
Hemophilus influenza type B
92
Antibiotic recommended for peritonsillar and the retro pharyngeal abscess
Ampicillin or penicillin G
93
Live vaccines
BCG Zostavax MMRV Rotavirus Smallpox Typhoid Nasal influenza
94
Legionella
Levofloxicin
95
Dermatophyte infection (tinea)
Creams: Ketaconazole Terbinafine Ciopirox PO fluconazole/terbinafine if head or nails or refractory
96
Yeast (Malassezia)
Pityriasis vesicolor: antifungal oint, selenium, zinc Seb dermatitis: antifungal shampoo (ketoconazole/selenium)

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