Brainstem pwp1 Flashcards
GSA GVA GVE GSE are found all in the spinal cord or cranial nerves?
spinal cord
what is dose the sulcus limitans seperate?
the efferent fibers from the afferent
How many functional components (GSE, etc.) are found in the spinal cord?
4
how many Functional Components of Cranial Nerves?
7
GSE in the midbrain
3 and 4
GSE in the pons
6
GSE in the medulla
7
GVE for the midbrain?
3
SVE for the pons?
v and VII
GVE for the pons?
7
SVE for the medulla
9,10,11
GVE for the medulla?
9, 10
CN 1 functional components?
SVA for sense of smell
CN 2 functional component?
SSA
CN 3 functional component?
GSE and GVE
cn 4 functional component?
GSE
CN5 functional component?
GSA and SVE
CN 6 functional component?
GSE
CN 7 functional component?
GSA, GVA, GVE, SVE, SVA
CN 8 functional component?
SSA
CN 9 functional component?
GSA. GVA, GVE, SVE, SVA
CN 10 functional component?
SVE
CN 11 functional component?
GSA. GVA, GVE, SVE, SVA
CN 12 functional component?
GSE
what develops from the basal plate?
motor columns of the nuclei during embryonic development
GSE cell bodies are derived from?
cephalic myotomes
1st brachial arch is known as the
mandibular arch
mandibular arch gives rise to what cn and action?
Mandibular Nerve (from CN V) Muscles of Mastication
2nd brachial arch is known as
hyoid arch
hyoid arch gives rise to what cn and muscles??
Facial Nerve (from CNVII) Muscles of facial expression
3rd brachial arch is known as
no name
3rd brachial arch gives rise what?
Glossopharyngeal (CN IX)
Stylopharyngeus (swallowing)
brachial arches 4 and 6 are respnsibel for which CN and muscles?
Vagus Nerve (CN X) Muscles of the larynx, pharynx and palate (swallowing and talking)
are GVE preganglionic parasympathetic or sympathetic?
preganglionic parasympathetic
GVE has what parasympathetic nuclei?
- Edinger-Westphal Nucleus (midbrain)
- . Superior Salivatory Nucleus (pons)
- Inferior Salivatory Nucleus (medulla)
- Dorsal Motor Nucleus of vagus (DMNX, medulla)
Superior Salivatory Nucleus (pons) goes with which CN to supply which glands?
Parasympathetic nucleus of CN VII
•
Supplies the Submandibular, Sublingual, Lacrimal, Nasal and Palatine glands
GVE Parasympathetic Nuclei for which CN’s
3,7,9,10
Inferior Salivatory Nucleus (medulla) supplies which gland via which CN?
parotid via CN 9
Dorsal Motor Nucleus of vagus (DMNX, medulla)
is parasympathetic for which CN?
CN 10
which nuclei is autonomic ganglia of the thorax and the abdomen
Dorsal Motor Nucleus of vagus (DMNX, medulla)
SVE nuclei supply what?
skeletal muscles derived from brachial arches
CN’s with SVE nuclei
5,7,8,9,10
Sensory columns in the brainstem are derived from what plate embryologically?
alar plate
Alar plate involves the communication between which structures?
general somatic and general visceral sensory
which CN’s are GVA of sensory for pain from viscera?
facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus
Which CN’s are SVA for taste?
7, 9,10
which CN’s are GSA for brainstem?
CN V
which CN’s are SSA for hearing and balance in the brainstem
CN VIII
Olivary Nuclear Complex
function?
associated with control of voluntary motor movement
Olivary Nuclear Complex is located in which portion of the brainstem?
medulla oblongata
which part of the Olivary Nuclear Complex is the largest?
inferior olivary nucleus
which portion of the Olivary Nuclear Complex is visible from the ventral surface of the brainsstem?
inferior olivary nucleus as the olive
Cortico-olivary fibers run between what two structures?
motor cortex to the inferior olivary nucleus
Spino-olivary fibers run between what two structures?
the spinal cord to the inferior olivary nucleus
Olivocerebellar fibers run run between what two structures?
from the inferior olivary nucleus to the cerebellum
which portion of the olivo-cerebellar system is mainly involved in the cerebellar motor learning and function
inferior olivary nucleus
which system makes up most of the fibers in the Inferior cerebellar peduncle?
olivocerebellar system
Damage to olivocerebellar system makes a person unable to do whay?
learn and their motor responses are no longer plastic
what are climbing fibers?
the fibers that are projected from the inferior olivary nucleus to the pons and then through the ICP ti synapse onto the deeps cerebellar nuclei
reticular formation lateral zone is responsible for what?
integrates reflex connections between sensory and motor cranial nerve nuclei
reticular formation medial zone has fibers that project to what?
spinal cord (reticulospinal tracts), to cerebellum, hypothalamus and cerebral cortex
The midline zone known as (Raphe nuclei): released what neurotransmitter in response to pain
pain –> serotonin
Reticular Formation (RF) Main functions of reticular formation are:
- processing of pain
- visceral functions
- posture and muscle tone
- alert
- arousal
- sleep
- regulations of awareness
Damage to the reticular formation will cause what?
put a person in coma
why would the reticular formation contain respiratory and cardiac regions?
they are associated in keeping the person alert
ARAS stand for?
ascending reticular activating system
which system is responsible for jolting you awake when you fall asleep?
ARAS
hypothalmic functions?
homeostasis
controls visceral activity
hunger, thirst
water balance
CN’s of the medulla?
Hypoglossal (CN XII)
Accessory (CN XI)
Vagus (CN X)
Glossopharyngeal (CN IX)
Hypoglossal – Cranial Nerve XII
Function
– GSE fibers to muscles of tongue (motor) EXCEPT palatoglossus
origin of CN 9
in the floor of the 4th vetnricle
pathway of CN 9
Nerve exits the medulla between the olive and pyramid
Accessory – Cranial Nerve XI Function –
SVE and GSE fibers from two roots
two roots of the CN 11?
cranial root (SVE) and the Spinal root (GSE)
Cranial root of CN 11 is from what structure?
nucleus ambiguous located in the RF of the medulla
Cranial root (SVE) supplies what
larynx, pharynx, and soft palate
spinal root (GSE) is from where?
the ventral horns of C1-C5
spinal root of CN 11 supplies what?
Trapezius and the SCM
the pathway of the spinal root of CN 11?
enters through foramen magnum –> exits through the jugular foramen
Lesion to CN XI:
will represent how?
Fails to shrug the shoulders, 2. Fails to raise arm above horizontal and 3. Can not turn the face to opposite side.
CN 10 5 functional components?
SVA, GSA, GVE, SVE, GVA
SVA for CN 10
taste and sensation from the epiglottis
CN 10 GVA
sensation from the thoracic and the abdominal viscera
CN 10 SVE
motor to the muscles of larynx, pharynx and palate that develop from the 4th and 6th brachial arches
GVE of CN 10
preganglionic parasympathetic to thoracic & abdominal viscera (contraction of smooth muscles and secretion from glands)
GSA for CN 10
from the auricle
Origin of CN 10 SVA neurons?
neurons are located in inferior sensory ganglion of vagus
Origin of CN 10 GVA neurons?
neurons are located in superior sensory ganglion of vagus
Origin of CN 10 SVE neurons?
middle part of the nucleus ambiguus
Origin of CN 10 GVE neurons?
– DMNX (parasympathetic)
Origin of CN 10 GSA neurons?
neurons are located in superior sensory ganglia of vagus and project to spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve
which functional component of CN IX will signal a sore through?
GVA from the oropharynx, platine tonsils
Which functional component of CN IX will sense taste?
SVA
Which CN is responsible for taste of the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?
CN IX
GVA for the gag reflex is from which CN?
CN IX
which CN is responsibl efor signaling otitis media?
CN IX
which functional component of CN IX is responsible for tympanic cavity?
GVA
which CN is responsible for the afferent part of carotid sinus?
CN IX
Which CN is responsible for the efferent part of the carotid sinus?
CN X
Which CN is responsible for the sensation to the carotid body and sinus?
CN IX
SVE of CN IX
– motor supply of stylopharyngeus muscle (swallowing)
GVE of CN IX supplies?
parotid
Pathway of GVE stimulation of parotid glands?
Inf salivatory nuc»_space;tympanic n >lesser petrosal n > otic ganglion > parotid gland (through auriculotemporal nerve)
lesion of CN IX will represent as?
difficulty swallowing, impariement of taste and sensation of the posterior 1/3 of the tongue, palate, pharynx. absent gag relfex, and dry mouth
