brain tumours; glioblastoma and meningioma Flashcards
Most common 1° brain tumour?
Glioblastoma
Most malignant glial tumour?
Glioblastoma
Cause of glioblastoma?
unknown
Histology of glioblastoma?
Pleomorphic tumour cells border necrotic areas
Risk factors for glioblastoma?
radiation
Where do glioblastoma comes from?
-2
normal glial cells or pre-existing astrocytoma
Ix of choice for glioblastoma?
what features are you looking for?
-3
MRI
tumour with central necrosis
rim that enhances with contrast
oedema.
why is there oedema in glioblastoma?
BBB gets disrupted
medication given to treat oedema in glioblastoma?
Dexamethasone
symptoms of glioblastoma?
Neuro deficit
Motor weakness
Headache
Seizures
↑ICP in glioblastoma can cause what symptoms?
-3
Headache
N&V
cognitive impairment (low GCS)
main stay treatment for glioblastoma?
surgical resection + post op chemotherapy/radiotherapy
which chemotherapeutic agent is oft used in glioblastoma?
Temozolomide
Temozolomide is used in what brain cancers?
glioblastomas and astrocytomas
moa of temozolomide?
damages DNA causing cell death
temozolomide class?
alkylating agent
Meningioma comes from what meninge?
dura mater
meningioma is typically benign or cancerous?
benign
meningioma are intrinsic or extrinsic cancers of CNS?
extrinsic
where does meningioma rank in the most common primary brain tumours?
2nd
Histology of meningioma?
-2 features
Spindle cells in concentric whorls and calcified psammoma bodies
which medical therapy is a risk factor for meningioma?
Radiotherapy
Risk factors for meningioma?
-3
Age
FHx/genes
Radiotherapy
symptoms of meningioma are caused by invasion or compression?
compression
symptoms of meningioma?
Headache
Seizure
Neuro deficit
why are there seizures in meningioma?
because meninges are irritated
why are there headachesin meningioma?
Compression
if meningioma compresses spinal cord, what syndrome might you get?
Brown Sequard syndrome
what happens to ICP in meningioma?
increases
you do fundoscopy on pt with meningioma.
what might you see?
why?
Papilloedema
↑ICP
Ix of choice for meningioma?
MRI
2nd line imaging for meningioma?
CT
Usual Mx of meningioma?
surgical resection
pt has meningioma, but surgery is not possible.
what is 2nd line Mx?
radiotherapy
pt has meningioma and is asymptomatic.
what is the Mx?
observe
