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Neurology > Brain Tumours > Flashcards

Brain Tumours Flashcards

1
Q

define glial cells?

A

neural cells that do not generate AP’s and have other functions.

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2
Q

aka for glial cells?

A

neuroglial cells

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3
Q

Oligodendrocyte

function of this cell?

A

Myelinate nerve

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4
Q

Microglia

function of this cell?

A

Macrophages of CNS

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5
Q

Ependymal

function of this cell?

A

Make CSF

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6
Q

Astrocytes

function of this cell?
-6
A

By synapse
Regulates Ca2+
Makes BBB
Regulates K+, glutamate, Cl-

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7
Q

most common types of tumour in the brain?

A

Metastases

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8
Q

5 most common tumours that spread to the brain?

A 
lung
breast
bowel
skin 
kidney
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9
Q

most common tumour that spreads to the brain?

-1

A

lung

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10
Q

most common skin tumour that spreads to the brain?

A

melanoma

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11
Q

Most common 1° brain tumour?

A

glioblastoma

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12
Q

2nd most common 1° brain tumour?

A

meningioma

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13
Q

Tumour from 8th CN is called what?

-2 names

A

vestibular schwannoma aka acoustic schwannoma

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14
Q

Most common 1° brain tumour in kids?

A

pilocytic astrocytoma

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15
Q

Vestibular schwannoma is benign or cancerous?

A

benign

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16
Q

Vestibular schwannoma was previously termed what?

A

acoustic neuroma

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17
Q

Vestibular schwannoma arises from what nerve?

A

eighth cranial nerve

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18
Q

Vestibular schwannoma is oft seen in what angle?

A

cerebellopontine angle

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19
Q

Vestibular schwannoma presentation?

-3 main features

A

hearing loss, facial nerve palsy, tinnitus

20
Q

why is there facial nerve palsy in vestibular schwannoma?

A

compression of the nearby facial nerve

21
Q

Histology features of Vestibular schwannoma?

-2

A

Antoni A or B patterns

Verocay bodies

22
Q

3 treatment routes for vestibular schwannoma?

the broad idea

A

observation, radiotherapy or surgery

23
Q

The most common primary brain tumour in children?

A

pilocytic astrocytoma

24
Q

Histology of pilocytic astrocytoma?

A

Rosenthal fibres

25
Q

what is this brain tumour?

aggressive paediatric brain tumour that arises within the infratentorial compartment

A

medulloblastoma

26
Q

Medulloblastoma spreads through what system?

A

CSF system

27
Q

2 treatment routes for medulloblastoma?

the broad idea

A

chemo or surgery

28
Q

Histology of medulloblastoma?

A

Small, blue cells

29
Q

which brain tumour is commonly seen in the 4th ventricle

A

ependymoma

30
Q

Histology of ependymoma?

A

perivascular pseudorosette

31
Q

which brain tumour may cause hydrocephalus?

A

ependymoma

32
Q

what brain tumour is this?

Benign, slow-growing tumour common in the frontal lobes

A

oligodendroma

33
Q

histology of oligodendroma?

A

Calcifications with ‘fried-egg’ appearance

34
Q

Vascular tumour of the cerebellum is called what?

A

haemangioblastoma

35
Q

Haemangioblastoma is associated with what syndrome?

A

Hippel-Lindau syndrome

36
Q

Histology of haemangioblastoma?

A

foam cells and high vascularity

37
Q

benign tumours of the pituitary gland are called what?

A

Pituitary adenomas

38
Q

Pituitary adenoma has two types.

what are they?

A

secretory

or non-secretory

39
Q

define secretory pituitary adenoma?

A

makes hormones in excess

40
Q

name of surgery used for pituitary adenoma?

A

transsphenoidal resection

41
Q

2 main Ix you need to order for pituitary adenoma?

A

pituitary blood profile and MRI

42
Q

high ACTH will cause what syndrome?

A

Cushing’s

43
Q

high GH will cause what syndrome?

A

acromegaly

44
Q

Compression of the optic chiasm will cause what visual field defect?

A

bitemporal hemianopia

45
Q

Most common paediatric supratentorial tumour is called what?

A

craniopharyngioma

46
Q

craniopharyngioma derives from what pouch?

A

Rathke’s pouch

Neurology (40 decks)

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