brain and spinal cord Flashcards
5 parts of the brain
- ventricles
- cerebrum
- diencephalon
- brain stem
- cerebellum
ventricles
- are what
- filled with what
- lined with what
- cavities w/in the brain
- filled w/ cerebrospinal fluid
- lined w/ ependymal cells
how many ventricles and the names of each
4 ventricles total
2 lateral ventricles
3rd ventricle
4th ventricle
what is the 4th ventricle connected to
central canal of the spinal cord
4 functions of cerebrospinal fluid
- float brain
- remove waste from central nervous system
- carry nutrients
- absorb shock if head gets hit
what is the flow cycle of cerebrospinal fluid
flows from 4th ventricle of brain into spinal cord then out of the bottom of the spinal cord then up and around the surface of the spinal cord and brain then absorbed into blood vessels on the surface of the brain
gyri are what
bumps on the surface of the cerebrum
sulci are what
grooves between the gyri
fissures are what
deep grooves in the cerebrum
3 parts of cerebrum
- cerebral cortex
- cerebral white matter
- basal nuclei
cerebral cortex is what and made of what
superficial region of cerebrum made of gray matter
cerebral cortex is divided in what 2 ways
- lobes
- functional areas
4 lobes of the cerebral cortex
- frontal lobe
- parietal lobe
- temporal lobe
- occipital lobe
3 functional areas of cerebral cortex and what each one’s neurons are wired to
- motor areas wired to skeletal muscles
- sensory areas wired to sensory receptors
- association areas wired to sensory areas
2 areas w/in the cerebral cortex motor area
- primary motor area
- Broca’s speech area
primary motor area
- location
- wired to what
- precentral gyrus
- wired to motor unit neurons
Broca’s sppech area
- location
- it’s neurons are wired to what other neurons
- controls what
- left hemisphere of frontal lobe
- neurons wired to primary motor area neurons
- controls skeletal muscles involved in speech
sensory area 1: primary somatosensory cortex
- location
- senses what 4 things
- post central gyrus
- touch, pain, temperature, proprioception
sensory area 2: primary visual cortex
- location
- senses what
- occipital lobe
- vision
sensory area 3: primary auditory cortex
- location
- senses what
- temporal lobe
- hearing
sensory area 4: primary olfactory cortex
- location
- senses what
- temporal lobe
- smell
sensory area 5: primary gustatory cortex
- location
- senses what
- temporal lobe
- taste
3 association areas functions
- interpretation of senses
- memories of sensations
- emotions about sensations
non-fluent aphasia
- damage to what area
- symptoms
- damage to Broca’s speech area
- patient understands language but can’t speak
fluent aphasia
- damage to what area
- sympotoms
- damage to auditory association area
- patient doesn’t understand language-can only speak jibberish
cerebral white matter tracts
- location
- made of what
- or made of this
- deep to the cerebral cortex
- tracts of cerebral cortex neurons
- neurons that synapse w/ cerebral cortex
nerves
bundles of myelinated axons in PNS
nucleus/nuclei
pocket(s) of gray matter in CNS