bozeman integumentary system Flashcards
what 3 things is the integumentary system made of?
- skin
- hair
- nails
what are the 4 functions of the integumentary system?
- protection against foreign materials
- sensation
- thermoregulation
- vitamin D synthesis
what kind of sensation is felt with the integumentary system?
receptors are used to sense touch and pain
how does the integumentary system help to thermoregulate?
by goosebumps, vasodilation, carrying heat away, sweat glands
how is vitamin D synthesis important for the body?
sunlight brings phosphorus and calcium into the bones
what are the layers of the epidermis in order?
- stratum corneum
- stratum lucidum
- stratum granulosum
- stratum spinosum
- stratum basale
how are the 5 layers of the epidermis remembered?
Come
Let’s
Get
Sun
Burned
what is the main thing about stratum corneum?
this is the dead skin layer that gets replaced with cells from the basale
what is the 2 main things about the stratum basale?
- mitosis occurs in the basale, then new skin cells push upwards towards corneum
- holds the dermis & epidermis together
where is stratum lucidum only found in?
only found in thick skin, so palms of hands and feet
what is the main thing about stratum lucidum?
thick, waxy, protective layer
what is the main thing about stratum granulosum?
the compressed, dying layer that gets its nutrients by diffusion
where is the dermis located?
below the epidermis
what 2 things do the capillaries consist?
- arterioles
- veins
what are the 2 types of glands found in the dermis?
- sebaceous
- sudoriferous
what are sebaceous glands?
release oil to keep skin & hair waterproof
what are sudoriferous glands?
sweat glands to keep cool
what are the 2 types of tactile receptors found in the dermis?
- pain receptors
- sense receptors
what are pain receptors in the dermis?
prevent from damaging the skin by warning upcoming pain
what are 2 types of sense receptors in the dermis?
- the ones near the top sense light touch
- the ones near the bottom sense deep touch
what is another word for the subcutaneous layer of the skin?
hypodermis
what are the 7 structures of the hypodermis?
- reticular fibers
- adipocytes
- mesenchymal cells
- elastic fibers
- collagen fibers
- fibroblasts
- macrophages
what are the 2 accessory structures of the integumentary system?
- hair
- nails
what are the 3 parts of the hair in the accessory structures of the integumentary system?
- hair bulb
- hair matrix
- hair papilla
what is the hair papilla?
vascular structure that supplies nutrients
what is the hair matrix?
1 thick layer that makes new cells
what is the hair bulb?
layer of dead cells that get keratinized (protein)
what is the order of the accessory structure of hair (6)?
- arrector pili muscle
- sebaceous gland
- apocrine sweat gland
- hair bulb
- hair matrix
- hair papilla
what are nails made of?
made of keratin protein made by the cells
what are the 4 parts of the nail?
- nail root
- nail matrix
- eponychium
- hyponychium
where is the nail root found?
under the skin
what does the nail matrix do?
cleans out old dead cells and creates new skin cells
what is the eponychium?
cuticle
what is the eponychium?
thick layer of living cells
where is the hyponychium?
under the nail near the tip of it
what is the hyponychium?
a barrier for foreign materials
