body systems structure & function Flashcards
what makes up the integumentary system?
hair, skin, nails, sweat glands, and oil glands
what system protects internal organs, soaks in vitamin D, is waterproof, and maintains boundaries?
integumentary
what system is made of bones, cartilages, and joints?
skeletal
what are the 4 functions of the skeletal system?
- protects & supports the body
- framework for body and muscular movement
- makes red blood cells
- stores minerals
where are red blood cells made?
in the skeletal system, specifically in the bone marrow
what is the muscular system made of?
skeletal muscles
what system produces heat, maintains posture, and allows movement?
muscular
what does the nervous system consist of?
brain, spinal cords, nerves, sensory receptors
what is the 3 functions of the nervous system?
- fast acting control system
- responds to internal and external changes
- uses electrical signals
what 9 organs is the endocrine system made of?
- pineal gland
- pituitary gland
- thyroid gland
- parathyroid gland
- adrenal gland
- thymus
- pancreas
- testes
- ovaries
what system does the heart and blood vessels belong to?
cardiovascular
what is the function of the cardiovascular system?
delivering oxygen-rich blood & nutrients to the body by bloodstream and bring back oxygen-poor blood
what 3 organs makes up the lymphatic system?
thoracic duct, lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels
what are the 2 main functions of the lymphatic system?
- holds the white blood cells involved in the immune system
- picks up leaking fluid from bloodstream, filters it, then returns it back to the blood
what 3 things is the immune system made of?
lymphocytes, microphages, antibodies
what is the main function of the immune system?
defense against pathogens, foreign substances, and tumor cells by destroying them
what 6 things make up the respiratory system?
- pharynx (throat)
- larynx (voice box)
- trachea (windpipe)
- bronchi
- bronchioles
- alveoli
what is the main function for the respiratory system?
gas exchange between the body and the environment
what 6 organs does the digestive system consist of?
- esophagus
- small intestine
- large intestine
- rectum
- anus
- stomach
what is the function of the digestive system?
first, breaks down food into absorbable units, then it excretes the indigestible wastes
what are the 4 components of the urinary system?
ureter, urinary bladder, kidneys, urethra
what is another name for the urinary system?
excretory system
what are the 2 main functions of the urinary system?
- excreting nitrogenous wastes
- regulating water, pH balance, electrolytes in the body
what 6 organs make up the reproductive system?
- testes
- ovaries
- penis
- prostate gland
- uterus
- uterine tubes
what are the 2 functions of the reproductive system?
- to make egg & sperm cells
- make offspring
