Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

RUSVM Theriogenology > Bovine Breeding Management and Synchronization, Female Cyclicity > Flashcards

Bovine Breeding Management and Synchronization, Female Cyclicity Flashcards

1
Q

Identify diestrus on this chart:

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the AM-PM rule for breeding in dairy herds?

A

If you see heat in the morning, breed her in the afternoon (10-12 hour difference)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

T/F: Dairy herds are mostly bull bred

A

False

Beef herds are mostly bull bred.

Dairy herds are mostly artificially inseminated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the two general phases of the estrous cycle?

A

follicular phase and luteal phase

  • Follicular phase includes proestrus and estrus
  • Luteal phase includes metestrus and diestrus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the most definitive sign of estrus in cows?

A

standing to be mounted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Follicular synchronization can be acheived by giving an exogenous source of GnRH to induce a synchronous emergence of a new follicular wave.

T/F: When giving GnRH, it is typically given by itself to avoid adverse drug interactions

A

False

Usually when we give GnRH, it is in combination with some other synchronization drug or technique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What portion of the bovine estrous cycle is the period of CL dominance through luteolysis?

A

Diestrus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

This is a Y-device that is placed in the cranial vagina to have progesterone released over time:

A

Controlled Intravaginal Drug Release (CIDR)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the three products used for manipulation of the estrous cycle?

A

prostaglandin, progesterone, GnRH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The period between one estrus and the next is termed:

A

estrous cycle

  • ESTRUS is a noun (“The cow is displaying estrus”)
  • ESTROUS is an adjective (“The length of the estrous cycle in the pig is 21 days”)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The three types of cyclicity are:

A
  1. Polyestrus
  2. Seasonally polyestrus
  3. Monoestrus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The #1 characteristic for all species in order for you to know that they have hit puberty is:

A

the ability of the hypothalamus to make its own GnRH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the position of this calf?

  • Anterior, longitudinal
  • Dorsosacral
  • Front limbs extended, head retained
A

Dorsosacral​

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the four stages of the estrous cycle?

A

proestrus, estrus, metestrus, diestrus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the dominant hormone during the luteal phase of the estrous cycle?

A

progesterone (P4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What hormone is most prominent during estrus?

A

estrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Identify the luteal phase on this graph:

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the dominant hormone during the follicular phase of the estrous cycle?

A

estrogen (E2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

T/F: Lutalyse® only works during metestrus

A

False

  • Lutalyse® only works during diestrus.*
  • It works by lysing the CL. In metestrus (day 0-6), prostaglandin will have no effect. Diestrus (day 6-17) is the window when prostaglandin will have its effect because there is a CL.*
20
Q

What stage of labor is this cow in?

A

Stage 2

21
Q

What scale do we use for body condition scoring in beef herds?

A

1 to 9

22
Q

T/F: Metestrus is the stage of the estrous cycle where progesterone becomes the dominant hormone

A

True

23
Q

The time period when farmer stops milking a cow; gives her a break from milking is known as:

A

dry-off period

gives her mammary glands time to recover

24
Q

The time period after calving in which a cow is not bred is called:

A

voluntary waiting period (VWP)

Typically 45-65 days (60 days), so uterus can involute again and repair and go back to normal size. Length is determined by physiology, economics, producers.

25
Q

T/F: Beef herds are mostly bull bred

A

True

26
Q

Identify metestrus on this chart:

A
27
Q

Which estrus synchronization method shortens the luteal phase of the cycle?

A

prostaglandin programs

Lutalyse®

28
Q

Where’s in the estrous cycle is Waldo?

A

diestrus

29
Q

During which stage of the estrous cycle does the corpus luteum form?

A

metestrus

30
Q

Identify the point of ovulation on this graph:

A
31
Q

What is the dominant ovarian structure during the follicular phase of the estrous cycle?

A

follicles

32
Q

Sustained secretion of high levels of progesterone (P4) from a mature corpus luteum occurs during which stage of the estrous cycle?

A

diestrus

33
Q

Which estrus synchronization method lengthens the luteal phase of the cycle?

A

progesterone programs

Melengestrol Acetate, Controlled Internal Drug Release (CIDR)

34
Q

If you note a bit of bloody vaginal discharge, the cow is likely in what stage of estrous?

A

Metestrus

35
Q

Is this histogram appropriate for a beef conception rate?

A

Yes

We want ~60% of herd to be pregnant in the 1st cycle. In the 2nd and 3rd cycle we are playing clean up, and we want less than 10% to be open at the end. Woohoo!

36
Q

This progesterone product is mixed in with the feed and acts to suppress estus/prevent ovulation

A

Melengestrol Acetate (MGA)

37
Q

Peak estrogen (E2) secretion occurs during which stage of the estrous cycle?

A

estrus

38
Q

Dairy herd heifers are bred at ~_______ of age

A

14-15 months

They should calve at ~22-24 months. If bred too early they are more at risk of dystocia or abortion because they aren’t big enough to carry a calf to term – if your arm does not fit, the baby will not fit!

39
Q

Puberty is generally seen when heifer reaches ____% adult body weight

A

50-65%​

  • Influenced by genotype
    • Inbreed later onset
    • Cross-breeds sooner onset
    • Bos taurus earlier than Bos indicus
    • Heifers from bulls large scrotal circumference
40
Q

Identify the follicular phase on this graph:

A
41
Q

The voluntary waiting period in a dairy herd refers to the time during which the cow is:

A

not bred

42
Q

The period of sexual receptivity (heat) is termed:

A

estrus

  • ESTRUS is a noun (“The cow is displaying estrus”)
  • ESTROUS is an adjective (“The length of the estrous cycle in the pig is 21 days”)
43
Q

Identify estrus on this chart:

A
44
Q

What is the dominant ovarian structure during the luteal phase of the estrous cycle?

A

corpus luteum

45
Q

What is the most likely cause of this type of histogram in a 21 day breeding period?

A

bull failure

The bull may have become injured, etc. (example: penile hematoma)

46
Q

What are some reasons for this graph in a 21-day breeding season in beef herds?

A
  • Poor Conception rates
  • Prolonged breeding season
  • Prolonged calving season
  • Large number of open cows

RUSVM Theriogenology (31 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions