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MSK > Bones And Joints > Flashcards

Bones And Joints Flashcards

0
Q

List the types of synovial joint (6)

A 
Hinge
Saddle
Plane
Pivot
Condyloid
Ball and socket
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1
Q

Tuberosity?

A

Roughened, rounded elevation

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2
Q

Tubercle?

A

Small, roughened, rounded elevation

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3
Q

Condyle?

A

Large prominence or rounded surface

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4
Q

Meatus?

A

Tunnel/canal

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5
Q

Fossa?

A

Depression

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6
Q

Notch?

A

A large groove

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7
Q

Name of the joint between the humerus and the clavicle?

A

Acromioclavicular

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8
Q

Functions of synovial fluid? (3)

A

Lubrication
Nutrient distribution
Shock absorption

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9
Q

Functions of hyaline cartilage in synovial joints? (2)

A

Shock absorption

Reduce friction

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10
Q

What does Hilton’s Law state about nerve supply to a joint?

A

The nerves supplying a joint also supply the muscle moving the joint and the skin covering their distal attachment

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11
Q

What does the outer fibrous layer of the articular capsule do?

A

Made up of white fibrous tissue - the capsular ligament

Holds together articulating bones and supports the synovium

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12
Q

What does the inner synovial layer do?

A

It is a highly vascularised layer of connective tissue which absorbs and secretes synovial fluid. Responsible for the mediation of nutrient exchange between blood and joint.

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13
Q

What is articular cartilage made up of and where is it found?

A

Hyaline cartilage

Lines the epiphysis of the bone

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14
Q

What are the functions of articulating cartilage?

A

Minimises friction upon joint movement

Absorbs shock

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15
Q

What do accessory ligaments do?

A

Resist strain to prevent extreme movement that may damage articulation

16
Q

What are the three main components of a synovial joint?

A

Articulating surfaces
Synovial membrane which secretes synovial fluid
Protective capsule surrounding the joint

17
Q

What does synarthrosis mean?

A

The joint cannot be moved

18
Q

What does diarthrosis mean?

A

The joint can move freely

19
Q

Which specific tissues of joints are affected in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis?

A

RA - synovium

OA - cartilage

MSK (29 decks)

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