bones and joints

Question 1

osteoblasts

Answer 1

bone synthesis

Question 2

osteocytes

Answer 2

mature (resting osteoblast), most common cell type in bone

Question 3

osteoclasts

Answer 3

bone resorption

Question 4

where happens bone growth

Answer 4

in growth plates

Question 5

primary osteoporosis

Answer 5

balance between bone formation and resorption is disturbed

Question 6

secondary osteoporosis

Answer 6

caused by something outside the bone

Question 7

primary bone tumours

Answer 7

start in bone, often benign

Question 8

bone metastasis

Answer 8

bad prognosis, difficult to treat

Question 9

osteoarthritis

Answer 9

degeneration of cartilage, then thickening of the bone

Question 10

rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 10

inflammatory disorder, treated with anti TNF alpha antibody. the synovium becomes oedematous, thickened and hyperplastic

Question 11

crystal induced arthritis

Answer 11

crystal deposits in joints trigger an inflammatory reaction that destroys cartilage

Question 12

endogenous crystals

Answer 12

urate crystals, calcium pyrophosphate crystals

Question 13

exogenous crystals

Answer 13

e.g. silicone

Question 14

gout

Answer 14

marked by transient attacks of acute arthritis initiated by crystals (urate)