Bones Flashcards
What are the four main functions of bone in the body?
Mechanical
Protective
Metabolic
Haemtopoiesis
What are the two types of ossification?
Endochondral
Intramembranous
In endochrondal ossification, bones form as what?
Cartilage
In intramembranous ossification, bones form as what?
Fibrous Plate
What are the 3 main components of bone?
Water
Protein
Minerals
What are the epiphyses of long bone composed of?
Trabecular (spongey) bone
What are the diaphyses of long bone composed of?
Cortical bone
What do osteoclasts do?
Resorb bone
What do osteoblasts do?
Lay down more bone
How do bones keep themselves at peak strength?
They are constantly monitored and remodelled
Where are osteocytes derived from?
The differentiation of osteoblasts
What do osteocytes act as?
Sensors of mechanical pressure and damage
Which type of bones use endochondral ossification?
Long bones
At what age would a growth plate be expected to fuse in a female?
18
Which type of bones undergo intramembranous ossification?
Flat bones
What does collagen type 1 provide in the composition of bone?
The toughness of the bone
What shape is a collagen molecule?
Triple helix
What do stromal cells produce?
Growth factors for haemopoiesis
Osteoclasts derive from what?
Haematopoietic precursor cell
Osteoblasts derive from what?
Mesenchymal precursor cell
What are osteoblasts extremely rich in?
Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi Apparatus
What are biphosphonates inhibitors of?
Bone resorption
