Blood Flashcards
What is the average circulating volume in the typical adult male?
5 litres
Plasma is made of mostly what?
Water
What is plasma used to do?
Circulate biologically active molecules and compounds
What are the 3 categories of plasma proteins?
Albumin
Globulins
Fibrinogen and other clotting factors
What is the function of the red blood cell?
Needed to carry oxygen around the body
What is the name given to the shape a red blood cell?
Bi-concave
What are the 5 main types of white blood cell?
Neutrophils Eosinophils Basophils Monocytes Lymphocytes
Which type of white blood cell releases histamine and heparin?
Basophils
What can monocytes become?
Macrophages
Which leukocyte attacks pathogens too large for other leukocytes?
Eosinophils
What is the formation of platelets governed by?
Thrombopoietin
Platelets can mediate what?
Blood clotting
Define haematocrit?
Percentage of blood made of red blood cells
What can plasma proteins generate?
Oncotic pressure
What does interstitial fluid act as?
A fluid reservoir
The movement of fluid between capillary and interstitial space is subject to what?
Hydrostatic pressure
Colloid oncotic pressure
What is hypoproteinaemia?
Abnormally low levels of circulating plasma protein
What is a common characteristic of hypoproteinaemia?
Oedema - due to loss of oncotic pressure
What is the name given to red blood cell formation?
Erythropoiesis
What is the name given to an immature RBC?
Erythroblast
When is the secretion of erythropoietin enhaned?
When oxygen delivery to kidneys is reduced (hypoxia)
Which type of WBC form the first line of defence?
Neutrophils
When does the number of eosinophils increase rapidly?
During an allergic response
What do basophils release?
Histamine and heparin
